導(dǎo)語：如何才能寫好一篇初一英語下冊(cè)，這就需要搜集整理更多的資料和文獻(xiàn)，歡迎閱讀由公務(wù)員之家整理的十篇范文，供你借鑒。

篇1

一、選擇填空(15分)

( )1. The teacher with a girl ______ into the classroom.

A. come B. comes C. coming D. to come

( )2. The music teacher teaches ______.

A. we to sing B. us to sing C. our sing D. our singing

( )3. There are people here.

A. too much B. much too C. too many D. many too

( )4.There are _______ birds .the tree.

A. some, on B. some, in C. a, on D. any, in

( )5. It’s a ______ day ______.

A.well, for walk B. nice, for walk

C. fine, for walking D. fine, to walking

( )6. It ______ me ten minutes ______ there.

A. take, get to B. takes, to get C. takes, to get to D. takes, get

( ) 7. You are a good _____ . Do you like ________?

A.cooker, cooking B. cook, cooking

C. cooker, to cook D. cooks, cooking

( )8. The parents know their children _______.

A. very good B. very well C. very nice D. very

( )9. I don’t like it _______.

A. at all B. a little C. a lot D. very much

( )10.Li Lei gets ____ E-mail _____ Jack. He must write ___ to him soon.

A. an, from, to B. an, to, to C. a, from, to D. an, to, from

( )11. He _____ to the teacher _____ now.

A. listens to carefull B. listening, carefully

C. is listening , carefully D. is listen, carefully

( )12. There is something wrong ______ my computer.

A. of B. in C. with D. about

( )13. Could I _____ some money ______ you?

A. borrow, from B. borrow, to C. borrows, from D. give, from

( ) 14. The shop ______ early on Fridays.

A. close B. open C. is closed D. is opens

( )15. Uncle wang likes _____ things. He is good at ______ this kind of boat.

A. make, doing B. makes, to make

C. making, making D. making, doing

二、補(bǔ)全對(duì)話(5分)

根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，從后面的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的選項(xiàng)，有兩個(gè)為多余選項(xiàng)。

A: Good morning, can I help you?

B: Yes, please. ___1__

A: I think this is a nice one.

B: ____2____

A: it’s 100 yuan.

B: 100 yuan? _____3____

A: It’s a Japanese football. Japanese footballs are expensive, ___4___

B: Do you have Chinese footballs?

A: Yes. we do. ____5___

B: well, this football looks good. How much is it?

A: 50 yuan. B: That’s ok. I’ll take it.

a. These are all footballs made in china. b. That’s a lot of money

c. I want to buy a football. d. How about this one?

e. But they’re very good. f. Let me try it. g. How much is it?

三、完形填空(10分)

從A、B、C、D中選出能填入空白處的選項(xiàng)。

Near my home there is big __1___. It is __2___ Price-Low(低價(jià)). It has a lot of things. You can buy school things, __3___ exercise books, rulers, pens and maps. You can buy drinks, vegetables, fruit and __4__ food. Some of them are __5__, Some of them are expensive.

The supermarket__6___ every day from 9 a.m to 9 p.m. The workers in the supermarket are very __7_. They work hard __8___. They are glad __9__ to your questions. They help you find __10__ you want.

( ) 1. A. school B. factory C. hospital D. supermarket(超市).

( ) 2. A. calling B. call C. called D. calls

( ) 3. A. like B. of C. for D. to

( ) 4. A. many B. some C. all kinds of D. a kind of

( ) 5. A. dear B. cheap C. expensive D. small

( ) 6. A. open B. is open C. close D. is closed

( ) 7. A. friends B. full C. friendly D. hungry

( ) 8. A. all day B. one day C. all the day D. on one day

( ) 9. A. ask B. answering C. to answer D. to ask

( ) 10.A. where B. what C. when D. how

四、閱讀理解(20分)

(A)

Mr Black has two cats. One is big and the other is small. He likes them much. One day his friend Mr Green comes to see him. He is very surprise(驚奇的). He finds (發(fā)現(xiàn)) there are two holes (洞) in the door, a big hole and a small one. He says , “My dear friend, why are there two holes in your door?” “To let them in and out ,” Mr. Black answers. “But why are there two holes? ” asked his friend. “How can the big cat go through(通過) the small hole?” he says.

( ) 1. Mr Black has ___________.

A. two small cats B. two big cats

C. a big cat and a small one D. two birds

( ) 2. Mr Green comes to see _______.

A. Mr Black B. Mrs Black C. the cats D. the holes

( ) 3. Mr Black wants the ______ to go through the two holes.

A. the big cat B. the small cat C. a dog D. two cats

( ) 4. Mr Black thinks the big hole is only for _______.

A. the small cat B. the big cat C. the two cats D. Mr Green

( ) 5. ______ is not necessary (必要的).

A. The big hole B. The small hole C. The big door D. The small door

( B )

Billy and Sandy go to school. Billy opens his schoolbag. “Look, Sandy.” Sandy looks into Billy’s schoolbag. There is s small white cat in it. “Oh, it’s very nice. What’s its name?” “Its name is Kitty.”

In the school, Billy puts the cat in his desk, but the cat can’t stay there long. It jumps on Billy’s desk. All the students see it. They all come to Billy’s desk to see the cat. Miss Gao comes, too. “Where do you get the cat, Billy?” “Near my home.” “Ok, put it in your desk and don’t let it jump out. We must have our lesson. Don’t take it to school next time.” “Yes, Miss Gao.”

( ) 6. Who gives the name to the cat?

A. Sandy B. Billy C. Kitty D. Miss Gao

( ) 7. Billy puts the cat in his desk because(因?yàn)? ______

A. the cat likes to stay there

B. Sandy thinks it’s a good place(地方) for a cat

C. Billy doesn’t want others to see it.

D. the cat can jump on the desk.

( ) 8. The cat jumps out because ______

A. it wants to see the classroom B. Billy wants it to come out

C. the students want to see it D. it doesn’t like to stay in the desk

( ) 9. Miss Gao may think ________

A. Billy is right to help the small cat

B. Billy is not a good student

C. Billy takes the cat from his home

D. Billy doesn’t want her to give them the lesson

( ) 10. What do you think Billy will (將) do after school?

A. Throw the cat into a river. B. Make a cake for the cat.

C. Play games with the cat. D. Help the cat find its home.

五、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(10分)。

1. It’s 7:00 in the morning. The Greens _____ (have) breakfast.

2. Sometimes Betty ______ (read) a book in her bedroom.

3. Do they _____ (like) Chinese food?

4. Kate _______ (study) Chinese in Shanghai.

5. Where do Lucy and Lili ______ (come) from?

6. He ______ (speak) a little English?

7. Uncle Wang ______ (watch) TV in the room now.

8. There are some boys _____ (swim) in the river.

9.It’s a fine day for _____. (fly a kite)

10. What time _____ (do) Li Ping get up?

六、按要求寫下列單詞和詞組(10分)

1. expensive ________ (反義詞) 2.study _______ (同義詞)

3. do some reading __________ (寫漢語意思) 4. put _________ (現(xiàn)在分詞)

5. 用漢語 _____________ 6. 在值日 ______________

7. 在工作 ____________ 8. 在星期六 ______________

9. 關(guān)于英語 ____________ 10. 乘飛機(jī) ______________

(5-10題寫英語詞組)

七、小作文(10分)

請(qǐng)寫一段你的朋友的一天的活動(dòng)情景(不少于60字)，以下列單詞、詞組供參考。

篇2

基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)(共35分)

一,詞匯(共6分,每詞0.5分)

請(qǐng)你根據(jù)表格中所給的提示詞,把下面這些單詞分別寫在不同的分欄里.(每空只填寫一個(gè)單詞)

類別

分類

Weather 天氣

Personalities 性格

Animals 動(dòng)物

Places 地點(diǎn)

二,根據(jù)句意,選擇所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空.(共5分,每小題1分)

1. This is the ________ of the garden tour.

2. She ________ wear pants and a T-shirt.

3. Mr Smith is a short man ________ long hair.

4. I had great fun ________ in the water.

5. We can't ________ late for class.

三,選擇正確的單詞,請(qǐng)將你所選的單詞填寫在句首的括號(hào)里.(共4分,每小題0.5分)

( )1. -----How's it going, David -----Pretty (well/good).

( )2. ( Don't / Doesn't) listen to music in the classrooms or the hallways.

( )3. -----When (was/were) you born -----On May 21st, 1991.

( )4. -----What are they doing now -----They are (playing/play).

( )5. I can't (stand/mind) the idea that old people can't be beautiful.

( )6. The weather is very hot. The children are (swim/swimming) in the water.

( )7. -----What does the man look like -----He's very (easygoing/short).

( )8. -----Where are the country CDs -----They are (straight/behind) the pop music.

四,選擇填空.(共10分,每小題1分)

根據(jù)句意,從A,B,C,D中選擇一個(gè)答案.

( )1. After dinner he often ________ in the park.

A. take a walking B. take a walk C. taking a walk D. takes a walk

( )2. What language does she ________

A. tell B. speak C. talk D. say

( )3. She ________ the teacher carefully, but didn't ________ anything.

A. listens to, hear B. listened to, hear C. hears, listened to D. hears, listens to

( )4. -----Do you know what they did over the weekend -----They ________.

A. play soccer B. goes to movies C. went shopping D. stay home

( )5. He didn't have ________ money for a taxi, ________ he walked back to the hotel.

A. any, and B. much, because C. any, so D. some, so

( )6. The strict teacher often makes ________ very tired.

A. we B. our C. us D. ours

( )7. Mother was always the first one ________ in the morning.

A. get up B. to get up C. gets up D. got up

( )8.There ________ a ruler and two pens on the desk.

A. is B. are C. am D. be

( )9. One of my ________ is from the USA.

A. dictionary B. dictionaries C. dictionarys D. dictionaris

( )10. What does you brother do

A. He works very hard. B. He is outgoing and friendly.

C. He is a sales assistant. D. He is tall with curly hair.

五,重排對(duì)話.(共5分,每空0.5分)

請(qǐng)把下列對(duì)話按適當(dāng)?shù)捻樞蛑匦屡帕?

A.Fine, thank you. What about you

B.No, she's short.

C.I'm fine, too. Do you know I have a new friend in Class Five

D.I think I know her. She always wears a red dress and white shoes.

E.Hi, Lucy.

F.Is she tall

G.She has long, black hair and big eyes.

H.Yes, that's her. Her name is Nancy.

I.Hi, Kate. How are you

J.What does she look like

1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________

6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________

六,請(qǐng)根據(jù)答句寫出問句.(共5分,每句1分)

1. A:_____________________________________ B:No, I can't.

2. A:_____________________________________ B:It was windy last Saturday.

3. A:_____________________________________ B:I went to Shanghai on vacation.

4. A:_____________________________________ B:Mr Smith works in a bank.

5. A:_____________________________________ B:Because they are very cute.

完型填空 閱讀理解(共25分)

一,完型填空.(共10分,每小題1分)

Kate is a little girl. She is not ____1____ . She ____2____ how to read ____3____ write. But her sister Mary is a ____4____ . She is ten.

One day, Mary ____5____ her little sister in the room. She's at the table. There is a pencil in ____6____ hand(手). She is ____7____ .

"What are you doing, Kate " she asked.

"I'm writing ____8____ my friend, Rose," says Kate.

"____9____ how can you You don't know how to write," says her sister.

"Well," says Kate, "It doesn't matter.(沒關(guān)系). Rose doesn't know how to __10__ , either(也)."

二,閱讀理解.(共15分,每小題1分)

(A)

Kim went to a beautiful beach on Monday with his friends . It was sunny and hot. So they had great fun playing in the water. In the afternoon, they went shopping. But the shops were crowded, they didn't really enjoy it.

The next day, it was rainy, so they went to a museum. It was boring. Kim found a small boy crying in the corner. The boy was lost. He helped the boy find his father. Kim was very happy. But he had no money for a taxi. So he had to walked back to the hotel. That made him very tired.

On Wednesday, the weather was very cool. So they played tennis. They played all morning. It was really fun.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,判斷下列句子的正誤,正確的用"T",錯(cuò)誤的用"F".(共5分,每小題1分)

(B)

Mrs Wilson is medium height with curly hair. She comes from Australia. She is our math teacher. But I don't like math. It's too difficult and boring. Mrs Wilson is 25 years old. She is very shy and kind of serious. She never plays games with us. She often goes to movies on weekends. And she enjoys reading very much. She has lots of books in her bedroom.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填表.(共5分,每小題1分)

(C)

Jim, Kate and Li Ming are doing the homework together(一起). Jim's spelling of "Moday" is wrong (錯(cuò)誤). Kate tells him about it. Li Ming wants to borrow (借) an eraser from Jim or Kate. Jim says he has one and gives it to Li Ming. Li Ming thanks Jim for his help. Jim says, "You're welcome". Now Jim says "Thanks very much" to Kate for her help. Kate says "That's all right". The three children are students in a school in Beijing. Jim is from London. Kate is from New York. Li Ming is a Chinese girl. They are good friends. They often do homework and play games together. They often help each other (互相).

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,選擇正確答案.(共5分,每小題1分)

( ) 6. Jim is ________ .

A. an English girl B. an American girl

C. an English boy D. an American boy

( ) 7. Kate helps Jim with ________.

A. his spelling B. an eraser C. a ruler D. a pencil

( ) 8. Li Ming borrows ________ .

A. an eraser from Kate B. an eraser from Jim

C. a ruler from Kate D. a ruler from Jim

( ) 9. The three students are ________ .

A. not in the same class B. in U.K. C. in Beijing D. in USA

( ) 10. They are ________ .

篇3

一、聽力 (計(jì)20分)

A. 聽對(duì)話回答問題 (共10 小題;每小題1分;計(jì) 10分)

本部分共有10道小題，每小題你將聽到一段對(duì)話，根據(jù)所聽到的內(nèi)容， 選擇正確答語。(聽兩遍)

1. What will the weather be like tomorrow?

A. B. C.

2. What’s the time?

A. B. C.

3. What sign do they mean?

A. B. C.

4. What animals are they talking about?

A. B. C.

5. How does the woman get the new shoes?

A. She buys them in a shop. B. Her aunt gives them to her.

C. She gets them from England.

6. Why does the woman hate traveling by air?

A. Because she thinks the trip is too tiring. B. Because she likes travelling very much.

C. Because she doesn’t like the plane.

7. How does the woman feel?

A. Angry B. Happy C. Surprised

8. Where are they talking?

A. At a cinema. B. At a bus stop. C. In a shop.

9. What does Mrs. Lee look like?

A. She is tall with short hair. B. She is short with short hair.

C. She is short with long hair.

10. What does the man want to do?

A. He wants to live in the new house. B. He wants to sell the house.

C. He wants to show the woman his house.

B)聽長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，從所給的選項(xiàng)中選出答案回答問題。(聽兩遍)

聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第11～第12題。

11. What will Betty do this evening?

A. Go to a party. B. Stay at home. C. Have a birthday party.

12. What time should Betty be back?

A. At 10:00 p.m. B. At 10:30 p.m. C. Before 11:00 p.m.

聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第13～第15題。

13. Where is Mary now ?

A. At home. B. In the park. C. At the bus stop.

14. What does Mary like doing ?

A. Walking in the street. B. Walking in the park. C. Standing in the wind.

15. When does the conversation most probably take place ?

A. Early in the morning. B. Late in the morning. C. Late in the afternoon.

C)聽短文，從所給的選項(xiàng)中選出答案.(聽兩遍)

16. The parents worry(擔(dān)心) that there are a lot of bad programmes (節(jié)目)________.

A. in films B. on the Internet C. on TV

17. According to the listening, many students wear glasses because they ________.

A. study too hard B. read many books C. watch too much TV

18. According to the listening, which of the following is true?

A. The writer’s children have the same idea with their parents.

B. Reading books can make children think more.

C. There are a lot of good programmes for children on TV.

19. At last , the parents decide(決定) to ________.

A. sell the television set B. write more books C. buy a pair of glasses

20. This passage is ________.

A. an interesting story B. a news report on TV C. about parents’ idea

二、 單項(xiàng)選擇(共15小題;每小題1分，計(jì)15分)

21. She likes reading ________ stories and playing ________ violin.

A. the, / B. / , a C. / , the D. a , /

22. ________ the hospital, turn right when you come to the first crossing.

A. Get B. Arrive C. To get D. To get to

23. They feel very tired, so they stop________ a break.

A. having B. to have C. have D. has

24. The shop is ________ from Monday to Friday. It’s ________ at weekends

A. opens; closed B. open; close C. open; closed D opened; close

25. The city of Nanjing is 100 minutes ________ by bus ________ the city of Yangzhou.

A away; from B far; from C away; to D far; to

26. Do you know Qinghai is ________ of China?

A. western B. west C. to the west D. in the west

27. I don’t like this shirt. Could you show me ________ one?

A. the other B. other C. another D. the others

28. He is ________ man and he lives ________ .

A. a 80-year-old. by him B. an 80-year-old , by him

C. a 80-year-old,by himself D. an 80-year-old , by himself

29. We read 10,206 like this: ________.

A. one thousand, two hundred and six B. one thousand, two hundreds and six

C. ten thousand, two hundred and six D. ten thousands, two hundreds and six

30. I like the book ________ pictures ________ it.

A. has; on B. have; on C. with; on D. with; in

31. All the students are ______ at the ______ news.

A. surprised; surprising B. surprised; surprised

C. surprising; surprising D. surprising; surprised

32. There is usually ________ in summer in Yangzhou, it helps crops(莊稼) grow well.

A. rainy B. raining C. rains D. rain

33. You ________ to the meeting this Saturday if you are busy.

A. needn’t to come B. don’t need come

C. don’t need to come D. needn’t coming

34. ---Can I get you a cup of orange?

--- ________.

A. It’s nice of you B. With pleasure

C. Thank you for it D. You can, please

35. --- Don’t be late for class again, Tommy.

--- Sorry, I ________.

A don’t B am not C didn’t D won’t

三、完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，計(jì)15分)

We can see walls everywhere in the world. But The Great Wall of China is the __36__ of all. The Chinese call __37__ “The Ten-Thousand-Li Great Wall.” It goes from west to east, __38__ mountains, through valleys(山谷) and finally reaches the sea. The Great Wall is more than 6,000 kilometres __39__, 6~7 metres high and 4~5 metres wide. In some places it is wide enough for five horses or ten men __40__ side by side along the top.

The Great Wall has a history of over two thousand years. People begin to build the wall in the Spring and Autumn Period(春秋時(shí)期) in Chinese history. Qin Shihuang lets people join up all the walls. He thinks these walls can __41__ the enemy(敵人)out of the country, __42__ the Great Wall comes to the world.

When you visit the Great Wall, you can’t wait __43__ how the Chinese people could build such a great wall __44__ of years ago(以前) . __45__ any modern things, it is really __46__ to build it. They have to do all the work by hand. __47__ takes millions of men hundreds of years to build it. And almost __48__ of them can live when they finish it. So we often say the Great Wall is made of millions of __49__.

Today, the Great Wall becomes a place of interest not only to the Chinese people, but also to people all over the world. We Chinese people all feel __50__ of it.

36. A. nicest B. highest C. longest D. widest

37. A. it B. its C. they D. them

38. A. across B. from C. through D. over

39. A .long B. longer C. far D. away

40. A. walk B. walks C. of walking D. to walk

41. A. keep B. keeps C. stays D. stay

42. A. than B. then C. tomorrow D. yesterday

43. A. to speak ` B. speaking C. knowing D. to know

44. A. billions B. thousands C. hundreds D. millions

45. A. With B. Without C. Because D. So

46. A. easy ` B. difficult C. interesting D. important

47. A. It B. They C. That D. Chinese

48. A. any B. none C. much D. many

49. A. homes B. lives C. stones D. trees

50. A. afraid B. interested C. tired D. proud (驕傲)

四、 閱讀理解(共15小題;每小題2分，計(jì)30分)

A

May just moves to Sunshine Town. Read the map below and help her find the way.

51. The museum is ________.

A. on York Street B. beside the pet shop

C. next to the hospital D. between the bookshop and the library

52. The park, a nice place in the town, is ________.

A. south of the cinema B. north of the library

C. south-west of the museum D. north-east of the post office

53. Start from A, walk along Adam Street, turn left at the second crossing, and she will find ______.

A. the park on the left B. the cinema on the right

C. the library on the left D. the bookshop on the right

B

Mr. White is very busy today. He helps his mother move into a new house. He starts at 3:30 in the afternoon. First he cleans the windows. Then he carries all the heavy furniture (家具) into the new house. He helps his mother put the curtains (窗簾) up too.

Mr. White is very tired when he gets “home”. It is 9:15 p.m. He can’t find the right key to the front door. The front door is locked. Then he tries the back door, but it is also locked. “I should climb in through the kitchen window,” Mr. White says to himself. He doesn’t want to wake up his wife and children.

But suddenly, a big black dog comes to him from behind. Mr. White is afraid and surprised. He doesn’t own a dog! He is at the wrong house! Soon the police come. “I’m not a thief or a robber,” says Mr. White to the police. “I’m at the wrong house. Please believe me.” What an unlucky poor man Mr. White is!

54. When does Mr. White start to help his mother?

A. At 3:30 a.m. B. At 3:30 p.m. C. At 9:15 a.m. D. At 9:15 p.m.

55. Which of the following sentences is TRUE?

A. He goes to the wrong house.

B. He leaves his key at his mother’s.

C. He likes getting into his room from the window.

D. He loses his key.

56. Whose dog is that?

A. His own. B. His wife’s. C. The house owner’s. D. His mother’s.

57. Mr. White is ________ today.

A. happy B. glad C. lucky D. unlucky

C

Albert Einstein was one of the greatest scientists of all time but he was also really a great person.

When Einstein started to work in America, someone asked him what he needed. He said he needed a desk, some paper and a pencil. He also asked for a big waste-paper(廢紙) basket to hold all of his mistakes. This shows that he knew even the cleverest man in the world can only learn by making mistakes. Einstein was very modest(謙虛). Many children wrote letters to ask him for help with their homework. One day he wrote a letter to a young girl to tell her not to worry about her maths homework because he also thought maths was quite difficult.

Einstein thought time was very important. He never wore socks and he thought putting on socks was a waste of time. If someone could quickly found something in a book, he also thought it was a waste of time remembering them. That's why he never remembered his own phone number. He knew what was worth(值得) remembering.

Einstein liked to joke too. In one exam a student asked him why all the questions were the same as last year's. Einstein said the questions were the same, but the answers were different!

You can see that Einstein was really a great man!

58. Why did Einstein ask for a waste-paper basket?

A. Because he liked to waste a lot of paper.

B. Because he liked the big basket very much.

C. Because he knew he would make some mistakes.

D. Because he had a lot of rubbish to put in the basket.

59. What did Einstein think of maths?

A. Children shouldn't learn maths. B. Maths was easy enough to learn well.

C. It was very difficult to learn maths well. D. Nobody could learn Maths well.

60. Why didn't Einstein wear socks?

A. Because he didn't like wearing socks.

B. Because he had no money to buy any socks.

C. Because it took him a long time to put on socks.

D. Because he thought it was a waste of time to put on socks.

61. Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Einstein was not only clever but also modest.

B. Einstein didn’t wear socks because he didn’t feel cold.

C. Einstein didn't know how to answer the student's question.

D. Einstein was the cleverest person in the world, so he never made mistakes.

D

It is Mother's Day. John is so busy with his work that he can't go back home. When he passes by a flower shop in the evening, an idea comes to his mind, “I'll send Mum some roses (玫瑰).” While John is picking his flowers, a young man comes inside. “How many roses can I get for only five dollars, madam?” he asks. The assistant (店員) is trying to tell him roses are as expensive as forty dollars a dozen (一打). Maybe he can buy some carnations (康乃馨).

“No, I have to have red roses,” he says. “My mum was badly ill last year and I didn't get to spend much time with her. Now I want to get something special, it has to be roses because rose is her favourite.”

After hearing it, John says he would pay the rest of the money for the young man. Moved by both of them, the assistant says, “Well, lovely young men, thirty dollars a dozen, only for you.” Taking the roses, the young man almost jumps into the air and runs out of the shop. Then John pays for his dozen of roses and tells the assistant to send them to his mother.

As he walks out, he feels nice. Suddenly he sees the young man crossing the street and going into a park. But soon John knows it is not a park but a cemetery (墓地). Crying, the young man carefully puts down the roses, “Mum, oh, Mum, why didn't I tell you how much I loved you? God, please help me find my mum and tell her I love her.”

Seeing this, John turns and quickly walks to the shop. He will take the flowers home himself.

62. The assistant tries to ask the young man to buy carnations instead of roses because ________.

A. carnations are nicer than roses

B. roses are saved for John

C. roses are more expensive than carnations

D. carnations are special flowers for Mother's Day

63. The young man cried at the cemetery because he ________.

A. spends all his money on the roses

B. can’t tell his mother he loved her himself

C. feels sorry to ask John to pay for his flowers

D. doesn’t have enough money for his sick mother

64. At last John changes his mind and goes home because he wants to ________.

A. tell his mother he loved her himself

B. ask his mother for more money

C. tell his mother the young man's story

D. ask his mother if (是否) she likes roses

65. The writer writes the passage in order to tell us “________.”

A. Buy roses for your mother when she is ill

B. Let your mother know how much you love her

C. Work hard to get more money for your mother

D .Send your mother flowers on Mother's Day

第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題60分，第II卷答案寫在答題紙上)

五、詞匯應(yīng)用(共10小題;每小題1分，計(jì)10分)

根據(jù)句子意思, 用括號(hào)中所給漢語提示或單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。(每空一詞)

66. The ________ (nine) lesson is Kitty's favourite in Book Two.

67. All his classmates say the birthday present belongs to ________ (he).

68. There is little traffic in the street, so it isn’t _______ at all. (noise)

69. What's on the ________ (shelf)? There are a lot of books on them.

70. Sandy will write down her ________ (neighbour) names in the notebook.

71. Can you hear a train going ________ (穿過) a tunnel quickly?

72. Do you have a room with twelve showers and ________ (浴缸)?

73. In the modern world most children are living ________ (幸福).

74. He doesn’t study hard. He often ________ (不及格) in his exams.

75. It’s about one ________ (分鐘) walk from here to the seaside.

六、任務(wù)型閱讀(共10空;每空1分，計(jì)10分)

Street Markets around the World

There are many ways of shopping. You can shop by telephone, by post or through your home computer, but for many people, the most exciting way to shop is also the most traditional—at a street market. You can find markets anywhere in the world. Here are four of them:

There are many "floating markets" in Asia; perhaps the most unusual is in Thailand, at a place called Damnoen Saduak. It's open from six in the morning to the noon every day. People sell fresh fruit from their boats.

Many Belgians(比利時(shí)人) say that the Grand Place is the most beautiful square in the world. It is the home of a colorful flower market. It's open every day except Monday. On Monday, instead of flowers, there's a wonderful bird market!

One of the world's most famous markets is in Mexico City (墨西哥城)—the Sonora Market. You can buy toys, birds, herbs and medicine. There are all kinds of things. It's open every day from early in the morning till late at night.

In England, every weekend, thousands of young people from all over London travel to the Camden Market—it's the place to go for street fashion, CDs and tapes. Many people also go there for fun.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在表格中的橫線上填寫所缺單詞。每空一詞。

Names 76 Features Things to Sell Open Time

the Damnoen Saduak 77 unusual fresh 78 every day

the Grand Place Belgium 79 80 From 81 to 82

the Sonora Market Mexico 83 all kinds of things every day

the Camden Market 84 fashionable fashion things Every 85

七、缺詞填空(共10小題;每小題1分，計(jì)10分)

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和首字母提示，在下文空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~使短文完整。(每空一詞)

Cinderella is a p___86___ but poor girl. Her stepmother(繼母) treats her very badly. She makes her do all of the h___87___ day and night. She doesn’t tell her father about the sad thing because she loves her father and doesn’t want him to w___88___ about her.

One day, a prince (王子) in the country i___89___ all the young girls to his birthday party. But she only has dirty and old c___90___, so she cries and cries. Suddenly a fairy(仙女)comes and helps her go to the party. However, the fairy tells her that she has to come back b___91___ 12 o’clock. During the dancing party, she and the prince dance t___92___ very well.

When the bell rings at 12 o’clock, she goes back home very quickly but l___93___ one glass shoe in the palace. Then the prince takes the glass shoe and asks f___94___ door to door around the country to look for the girl who wears it. F___95___ he finds Cinderella and marries(娶) her. They live a happy life ever after.

八、書面表達(dá)(計(jì)30分)

A. 根據(jù)中文意思，翻譯下列句子，詞數(shù)不限。(共5小題;每小題2分，計(jì)10分)

96.天上云很多，我想天要下雪了。

_____________________________________________________________________

97.玉樹比青海的其它地方水污染少的多。

_____________________________________________________________________

98.他每天晚上直到他爸爸回來才上床睡覺。

_____________________________________________________________________

99.警方期待著馬上抓到穿警服的三個(gè)強(qiáng)盜。

______________________________________________________________________

100.你為什么不請(qǐng)一些朋友去欣賞精美的藝術(shù)品呢?

______________________________________________________________________

B. 寫作(計(jì)20分)

假設(shè)你叫陳軍，昨天收到了筆友David的e-mail，得知他不久要到揚(yáng)州來旅游。他想先了解揚(yáng)州的情況。請(qǐng)你用英文給他回復(fù)一封e-mail，介紹揚(yáng)州的吃、住、游、購(gòu)等情況。

要點(diǎn)提示：

“吃”在揚(yáng)州 揚(yáng)州美食天下聞名(be famous )，尤其是揚(yáng)州的包子。

“住”在揚(yáng)州 揚(yáng)州有許多賓館，可以輕松入住。

“游”在揚(yáng)州 揚(yáng)州以園林著稱，瘦西湖風(fēng)光美麗。

“購(gòu)”在揚(yáng)州 揚(yáng)州有許多大商場(chǎng)，可以買到任何紀(jì)念品。

其他方面 ……

注意：

1. 語法正確，意思連貫，書寫規(guī)范，要點(diǎn)齊全，適當(dāng)拓展;

2. 詞數(shù)80字左右。信的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

Dear David

I'm glad to hear that you'll come to Yangzhou. ___________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

Hope to see you soon in Yangzhou.

篇4

1.There is ________“u”and ________ “n”in the word“run”.

A.a，a B.an，an C.an，a D.a，an

2.There ________ a class meeting next Saturday.

A.isn’t have B.isn’t going to be C.isn’t have D.aren’t

3.This picture is ________ than that one.

A.beautiful B.much beautiful

C.much more beautiful D.beautifully

4.Look! He ________ photos.

A.is taking B.takes C.took D.will take

5.How about ________ a picnic together?

A.have B.to have C.having D.has

6.Li Ming ________ homework in the morning.

A.does any B.doesn’t any

C.doesn’t do any D.doesn’t do some

7.I would like ________ some tea.

A.drink B.to drink C.drinking D.drinks

8.--________ will the meeting begin? --In half an hour.

A.How often B.How soon C.How long D.How many

9.We have ________ homework this weekend.

A.many B.too many C.too much D.lot of

10.--Where’s Taiwan? --It’s ________ the south of China.

A.in B.on C.to D.of

11.Tom is a ________ student，he speaks Chinese ________.

A.good，well B.good，good C.well，well D.well，good

12.It’s difficult ________ old people ________ learn English well.

A.for，it B.to，to C.for，to D.to，for

13.Running is ________ than swimming，but skiing is ________ of the three.

A.more popular, exciting B.more popular, the most exciting

C.popular, the most exciting D.popular, exciting

14.I’m looking forward to ________ to Disneyland someday.

A.go B.went C.going D.to go

15.Every year ________ visitors come to China for a visit.

A.millions B.million of C.million D.millions of

二、完形填空

閱讀下面短文，從每小題A、B、C、D中選出能填入空白處的答案。

Football is a very popular game in China.There are eleven 36 in a team.Many young people like it.

Li Lei is a middle school student.He’s 37 at football.Tomorrow is Sunday.There is 38 to do，so he is going to 39 a football game.He wants Sam to go 40 him.Sam is 41 America.He is good at football，too.He likes 42 football games very much. 43 he says American football is 44 ours.It’s not round.The football has 45 name in English，soccer.

16.A.players B.games C.balls D.play

17.A.fun B.good C.bad D.liking

18.A.anything B.nothing C.something D.everything

19.A.get B.playing C.have D.watch

20.A.before B.beside C.with D.after

21.A.in B.leave C.for D.from

22.A.taking B.watching C.playing D.having

23.A.But B.And C.So D.Then

24.A.like B.different from C.far D.the same

25.A.other B.others C.another D.one another

三、閱讀理解

A

On a small farm in Mexico，there are no schools.A bus is the school.The driver of the bus is the teacher.It’s a school bus，but it doesn’t take the children to school.It just goes round from place to place，and sometimes it comes to this farm.The bus will stay here for three months.The farmers call it a school on wheels.Every time when the bus comes，the farmers will come，running to it，shouting and laughing.They warmly welcome the school bus.

When the bus is on the farm，in the morning，the teacher teaches the small children.In the afternoon.the bigger children come to have their lessons because they must work in the morning.At night.the fathers and mothers come to school.They want to learn.too.How the farmers hope that some day they can have a real school on their farm!

26.The driver of the bus is ________.

A.the teacher B.the student C.the farmer D.the school

27.The bus school will ________.

A.take the children to school B.stay here for a long time

C.take the fathers and mothers to school D.go round from place to place

28.When the bus school comes the farmers will ________.

A.stop working B.warmly welcome it C.be happy D.both B and C

29.The bigger children have their lessons in the afternoon because ________ in the morning.

A.they can’t get up early

B.the teacher wants to teach the small children first

C.they have a lot of work to do

D.they have to do their homework

30.Which is true?

A.A school bus is a real school for farmers’ children

B.The bus school has no teacher at all.

C.The bus school has no students.

D.The children and their parents on the farm all come to the bus school to learn.

B

Li Ming is a runner, he runs for the spring sports on the playground every day.Our school is holding the sports meeting today.Li Ming is in the 1500 Meters’Race.At first he runs very fast，but then he falls on the ground.His left leg is hurt.It is a long way from the end of the race.What will he do? People are looking at him.Li Ming gets up and walks the rest of the way.Li Ming doesn’t win the race，but he wins a prize for walking.

31.Li Ming is good at ________.

A.runner B.playing football C.playing basketball D.running

32.Li Ming’s ________ is hurt.

A.foot B.leg C.arm D.hand

33.Our school holds a ________ sports meeting today.

A.winter B.summer C.autumn D.spring

34.Does Li Ming get to the end of the race?

A.Yes，he does. B.No，he doesn’t C.No，he does. D.Yes，he doesn’t

35.Li Ming Wins ________ for walking.

篇5

I.語言運(yùn)用。

（I）填入has /have been 或has/have gone.

1. Harry： I saw you in Annabel’s Restaurant last night.

Diana： No, it wasn’t me. I ____ never _____ there.

2. Sam： Sally and Tim are on holiday, aren’t they?

Where _____ they _____?

Sue： To Florida, again.

Sam： How many times ______ they __________ there?

Sue： This is their third visit.

3. Joe： Can I have an apple, please?

Mary： We haven’t got any. I ______not _____ to the shops today.

4. Alan： Where’s Tony?

Mary： He’s got a headache so he _____________ to bed.

5. Steve：

（on the phone） Can I speak to Jill, please?

Lynn： She’s out, I’m afraid. She __________ to the cinema this evening.

Steve： Again? She ________ already __________ to the cinema three times this week.

（II）用for 或since填空

1. Jill has been in Ireland _________ Monday.

2. Jill has been in Ireland _______ three days.

3. My aunt has lived in Australia_______15days.

4. Margaret is in her office. She has been there _______7 o’clock.

5. India has been an independent country ______ 1974.

6. The bus is late. We’ve been waiting ______ 20 minutes.

7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty______ many years.

8. Mike has been ill ________ a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October.

（III）用for或since完成下列句子。

例：Jill is in Ireland now. She arrived there three days ago.

She has been there for three days.

1. Jack is here. He arrived here on Tuesday.

He has ______________________________

2. It’s raining. It started an hour ago.

It has been_________________________________.

3. I know Sue. I first met Sue two years ago.

I’ve ____________________________________.

4. I have a camera. I bought it in 1989.

_______________________________________.

5. Liz is studying medicine at university. She started three years ago.

____________________________________________________

6. Dave plays the piano. He started when he was seven years old.

__________________________________________________.

II. 單選。

（ ）1. ---It’s Mary’s birthday next week. What should I get for her?

---__________ .

A. They are too expensive.

B. What about a bicycle?

C. That’s a good idea.

（ ）2. A： I don’t like cats. Cats aren’t friendly enough.

B： ______ do I.

A. So B. Neither C. too

（ ）3. --- Have you ever been to Water World, Tom?

--- No. I’ve ________ been there.

A. ever B. already C. never

（ ）4. --- Why don’t you get him some fast food?

--- Oh no. _____.

A. That’s not healthy enough.

B. That’s too healthy.

C. That’s delicious enough.

（ ）5. --- ______ has Joe been playing baseball?

--- Since he was ten years old.

A. How often B. When C. How long

（ ）6. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice______ he came to Yunnan.

A. after B. before C. since

（ ）7. What kind of present do you want to get?

A. A necklace B. A calendar C. A mouse

（ ）8. The students ________ a biology class when the visitors came.

A. had B. were having C. will have

（ ）9. A： I’m not feeling well. I’ve got a cold.

B： ____________.

A. What’s wrong? B. Have you been to the hospital yet? C. What’s the matter?

（ ）10. Mr. Green _____ in this small house for thirty years.

A. has lived B. lives C. lived

（ ） 11. ---Ann has gone to Shanghai.

---So ______her parents.

A. has B. had C. have

（ ）12.---Mum, may I go out and play basketball?

----______you______ your homework yet?

A. Do; finish B. Did; finish C. Have; finished

（ ） 13. ---______ you ______anywhere before?

---Yes, but I can't remember where I______

A. Did; surf; surfed

B. Have; surfed; surfed

C. Have; surfed; have surfed

（ ） 14. Tom ______the CD player for two weeks.

A. has borrowed B. has bought C. has had

（ ） 15. I ______a letter from him since he left.

A. didn't receive B. haven't got C. haven't heard

III. 單選（時(shí)態(tài)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)）。

1. When I was at school,I______to the library every day.

A.go B.was going C.have gone D.went

2. The new books______ yet.

A. haven’t arrived B. hasn’t arrived

C. didn’t arrive D. don’t arrive

3.______you ever______to Shanghai.

A. Haven’t arrived B. Hasn’t arrived

C. Didn’t arrived D. Have…been

4. He_______ his lunch.

A. had B. have had C. has had D. ate

5. For years, doctors______ millions of patients lives with the help of microscopes.

A.saved B.have saved C.has saved D.were saving

6. I was so happy to see John again last Sunday, We ______ each other for more than two years.

A. haven’t seen B. hadn’t seen C. didn’t see D. hasn’t seen

7. We ______three lessons this month.

A. have learned B. learned C. has learned D. were having

8. I______to Paris several times.

A. went B. have gone C. have been D. was going

9. Alice has lived in China for ten years,so she ______the life here.

A. used to B. get used to C. be used to D. has got used to

10. My uncle ______in this city since 1980.

A. lives B.have lived C. has lived D. lived

11. By now old Wang ______in that factory for twenty years.

A. have worked B.worked C.works D.has worked

12. Christianity has become a worldwide religion since it ______almost two years ago.

A. has begin B. begins C. began D. begin

13. Shakespeare ______many plays such as Hamlet,and Romeo And Juliet.

A. writes B. have written C. wrote D. has written

14. When we lived in Phoenix we ______at Arizona State university.

A. studied B. have studied C. study D. were studying

15. I wrote to my parents three month ago but I ______ to my parents lately.

A. haven’t written B. don’t write C. didn’t write D. will not write

16. Li Ming ______to Shanghai. He will be back next month.

A. went B. have gone C. has gone D. will go

17. She ______an actress for some time.

A. was B. being C. is D. has been

18.Professor Chen ______ our exams yet.

A. didn’t mark B. hasn’t it marked

C. will not mark D. haven’t marked

19. He left last year and ______away ever since.

A. is B. have been C. was D. has been

20. I______my task the other day.

A. finished B. have finished C. finish D. will finish

IV. 完成對(duì)話。

A. You’ve been to more places than I have.

B. Well, you’ll have a lot of chances if you like.

C. I’ve never seen such a place in China.

D. Where’s that?

E. What places have you been to in China?

（ ） A： Hi, Kate! _____________1__________________.

B： Oh, I’ve been to many places, such as Hangzhou, Shanghai, Guilin and Tibet.

（ ） A： _____________2________________________.

B： Really? What places have you been to ?

A： Very few. I’ve only been to Pingyao.

（ ） B： _____________3____________________.

A： It’s in Shanxi. It’s a small place, but it has a long history. It’s one of the oldest towns in China. There you can see a well-kept city wall.

（ ） B： _____________4_____________________ I’ve just seen a lot of natural beauties, but not much old Chinese culture（文化） yet.

（ ） A： _____________5__________________.

V. 完型填空。

Mr. Edison was a professor. He worked in a __1____. He was busy with his research work all the time. But his wife whose father was a __2__ businessman had nothing to do at home and __3___ a lot of time dancing.

It was the woman’s birthday one day. There __4__ a birthday party in their house. All their friends were invited to __5__ it. That afternoon, when everything was ready, Mr. Edison came back from his lab, being __6__. As soon as she saw him, she called out, “Oh dear! Our guests will soon come, but you ___7____ the old clothes! Go to change the best ones!”

Mr. Edison had to go upstairs. The party had been on for half an hour, but he didn’t come downstairs. The woman felt ___8__. She looked out a few times and then told her girl servant to go to __9___ what had happened to him. To the girl’s surprise, the professor was __10___ in a bed.

For Mr. Edison, it was time to go to bed after he came upstairs and took off his clothes.

（ ） 1. A. cinema B. theatre C. university D. park

（ ） 2. A. rich B. poor C. nice D. foolish

（ ） 3. A. took B. spent C. used D. gave

（ ） 4. A. will be B. would be C. has been D. had been

（ ） 5. A. hold B. appreciate C. watch D. attend

（ ） 6. A. hungry B. tired C. sorry D. satisfied

（ ） 7. A. are wearing B. will wear C. are putting D. will put on

（ ） 8. A. happy B. shy C. sad D. strange

（ ） 9. A. look up B. find out C. think over D. send for

（ ） 10. A. afraid B. awake C. asleep D. alone

VI. 閱讀理解。

（A）

Two Americans from England were travelling in Spain. One day they came into a little restaurant for lunch. They didn’t know the native （本地的） language and the waiter didn’t know them, either.

They wanted the waiter to understand that they asked for some milk and bread. At first they read “milk” many times, then spelled it. But the waiter could not understand them. At last（最后） one of them took a piece of paper and began to draw a cow. When he was just finishing（完成）it, the waiter looked at it and ran out of the restaurant. “Do you see?” said the American, “how clever I am.” After some time, the waiter came back. He brought no milk or bread with him. He put down in front of them two tickets for a bull-fight （斗牛）.

True or false： （正確的寫T；錯(cuò)誤的寫F）

（

）1. The story happened in France.

（ ）2. The two Americans came into a little restaurant.

（ ）3. The waiter couldn’t understand them.

（

）4. After some time, the Americans got milk and bread.

（ ）5. An American drew a cow on the paper.

（ ）6. The two Americans wanted to watch a bull-fight.

（B）

David Brenner came from a poor family. When he finished his school, he was given a wonderful present. “Some of my friends got new clothes and a few rich boys even got new cars.” he remembered, “My father reached into his trousers pocket and took something out , I held out my hand , and he let my present drop into it －－a nickel !”

“Dad said to me. Buy a newspaper with that. Read every word of it. Then turn to the classified section and get yourself a job. Get into the world. It’s all yours now!”

“I always thought that was a great joke my father had played on me until a few years later when I was in the Army, sitting in a foxhole, and thinking about my family and my life. It was then that I came to know that my friends had got only new cars, or only new clothes. My father has given me the whole world. What a great present!”

1. What did David get as a present when he left school?

A. New clothes B. A new car.

C. Something nice. D. A nickel.

2. David’s father asked him to read the newspaper to _______.

A. find interesting stories B. find himself a job

C. know what happened in the world D. learn more things in it

3. Some years went by and David became a ______.

A. doctor B. teacher C. soldier D. driver

4. In the end David understood the present his father gave him was _____.

A. great B. unimportant C. beautiful D. useless

（C）

Jim Green has been in China for more than two years. He has been to many interesting places in Beijing, but he has not yet been to many other parts of China. Last week he went to Mount Emei in Sichuan Province with his family.

Many people like to travel by air, but Jim’s family think that travelling by train is the best. It is much cheaper and far more enjoyable than a rushed trip by air. They had a wonderful train ride to Chengdu before they went on to Mount Emei by bus.

Early one morning, they took a taxi to Beijing West Railway Station. The station was very lively. There were bookshops, food shops and stores selling all kinds of things. Mrs. Green bought some fruit, food and bottles of water to take on the train. She said that it was better to get some food before they got on the train because food on the train was usually too expensive.

The train was quite comfortable, and there weren’t too many people in their sleeping car. The Greens could stand up and walk around. It was a long journey, but none of them felt tired. They kept watching the beautiful scenery out of the window. They walked, laughed and played cards. The conductor kept coming to offer them hot water and selling them magazines. People nearby talked with each other. A young man practiced speaking English with Mr. Green. Jim thought the train was like a big moving party. He went to sleep quite late. He listened to the click of the rails and then fell fast asleep.

When Jim woke up the next morning, the train was already near Chengdu. His train ride seemed really short, but his memory of the pleasant trip will last long.

1.

How long has Jim been in China?

2. Where did Jim go to travel with his family?

3.

Why does Jim’s family like to travel by train?

4. What did Mrs. Green buy before getting on the train?

5.

Did the Greens feel tired on the train? Why or why not?

6. What did the Greens do on the trains?

VII. 寫作。

你一定去過不少地方吧。你能談一談你曾去過的最有趣的地方嗎？在那里，你感到有趣的地方是哪里？如果有機(jī)會(huì)，你還想再去那里嗎？

【試題答案】

I.

（I） 1. haven’t been 2. have, gone, have, been

3. have, been 4. has gone 5. has gone, has, been

（II） 1. since 2. for 3. for 4.since

5. since 6. for 7.for 8. for, since

（III） 1. He has been here since Tuesday.

2. It has been raining for an hour.

3. I’ve known Sue for two years.

4. I have had my camera since 1989.

5. Liz has been studying medicine at university for 3 years.

6. Dave has played the piano since he was seven years old.

II. BBCAC, CABBA, CCBCB

III. 1. D 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. A 8. C 9. D

10. C 11. D 12. C 13. C 14. A 15. A 16. C 17. D 18. B

19. D 20. A

IV. EADCB

V. CABBD BADBC

VI. （A） FTTFTF （B） DBCA

（C）1. He has been in China for more than two years.

2.

He went to Mount Emei in Sichuan Province with his family.

3.

Because it is much cheaper and far more enjoyable.

4. She bought some fruit, food and bottles of water before getting on the train.

5.

No, they didn’t. Because they kept watching the beautiful scenery out of the window.

6.

篇6

The Mid-Autumn Festival

The Mid-Autumn Festival is a very important Chinese festival. It’s on lunar fifth of August.

In the evening, we have a big dinner. Look, there is a lot of delicious food on the table. We can drink a glass of juice. We stand beside the table and we say, “Cheers, cheers, happy Mid-Autumn Festival!” We make a wish to each other. At night, the moon is usually round and bright. It looks like a ball. We can enjoy the moon. Moon cakes are the special food for this festival. We can eat moon cakes, too. In the Mid-Autumn Festival, my parents and I are all very happy and excited.

篇7

【關(guān)鍵詞】電力營(yíng)銷；管理；轉(zhuǎn)變

作為電力企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)、管理的核心部分，電力營(yíng)銷管理對(duì)于電力企業(yè)的發(fā)展起著至關(guān)重要的作用。電力營(yíng)銷的管理應(yīng)以滿足客戶的需求為管理要求，將卓越的服務(wù)質(zhì)量和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量作為企業(yè)的管理宗旨，將提升企業(yè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益以及社會(huì)效益作為管理的根本目標(biāo)[1]。而對(duì)于當(dāng)前的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)，電力企業(yè)面對(duì)著前所未有的考驗(yàn)和挑戰(zhàn)。然而，機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn)并存，只要電力企業(yè)能夠抓住契機(jī)、準(zhǔn)確定位，適當(dāng)?shù)?、科學(xué)地轉(zhuǎn)變?cè)陔娏κ袌?chǎng)中的經(jīng)濟(jì)營(yíng)銷管理策略，就會(huì)開拓出更廣闊的市場(chǎng)、迎來更大的發(fā)展空間。

1 新經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)下電力經(jīng)濟(jì)營(yíng)銷管理的不足

電力資源作為一種商品，具有一些特殊的性質(zhì)。其特殊性主要包括無形性、非儲(chǔ)存性、公用性、計(jì)量特殊等[2]。正是由于這些特殊性的存在，要求我們必須提高電力經(jīng)濟(jì)營(yíng)銷管理水平，而目前我國(guó)的電力經(jīng)濟(jì)營(yíng)銷管理方面還存在著許多不足。例如電力經(jīng)濟(jì)營(yíng)銷管理意識(shí)的淡薄、營(yíng)銷管理體制的落后、設(shè)備體系的不健全以及服務(wù)體系的缺陷等等。這就要求電力企業(yè)能夠進(jìn)一步改善自身的不足，爭(zhēng)取贏得更多經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益，從而促進(jìn)企業(yè)的發(fā)展。

1.1 電力經(jīng)濟(jì)營(yíng)銷管理意識(shí)的淡薄

長(zhǎng)期以來，電力企業(yè)對(duì)于電力營(yíng)銷方面在人力、物力、財(cái)力的投入上都存在著許多不足。同時(shí)，也沒有形成科學(xué)的、現(xiàn)代的、具有指導(dǎo)意義的經(jīng)濟(jì)營(yíng)銷管理策略。從根本上說，這還是由于電力企業(yè)對(duì)于電力經(jīng)濟(jì)營(yíng)銷管理意識(shí)的缺失和淡薄而造成的。許多電力企業(yè)的相關(guān)管理部門還保留著傳統(tǒng)的管理觀念與管理模式，把所有注意力都放在生產(chǎn)上，忽略其它方面，沒有認(rèn)清當(dāng)前電力市場(chǎng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)和發(fā)展形勢(shì)，未能將生產(chǎn)管理模式轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槭袌?chǎng)營(yíng)銷管理模式[3]。

1.2 營(yíng)銷管理體制的落后

隨著電力行業(yè)的飛速發(fā)展與電力市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的日趨激烈，傳統(tǒng)的電力經(jīng)濟(jì)營(yíng)銷管理策略已經(jīng)不能夠滿足當(dāng)前的電力市場(chǎng)發(fā)展和需求。而這種體制上的落后直接導(dǎo)致的后果就是影響電力企業(yè)對(duì)于電力市場(chǎng)的敏感度，從而影響到對(duì)于電力市場(chǎng)的深層次解讀和開發(fā)以及自身的準(zhǔn)確市場(chǎng)定位，最終影響到電力企業(yè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益以及社會(huì)效益，阻礙電力企業(yè)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。

1.3 設(shè)備體系的不健全

設(shè)備體系對(duì)于技術(shù)水平起著承載和反饋的重要作用。因此，先進(jìn)技術(shù)的實(shí)施離不開設(shè)備。而電力企業(yè)的發(fā)展從根本上說就是技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展與更新，因此，設(shè)備體系的完善與健全是電力企業(yè)發(fā)展的重要保障。但總得來看，我國(guó)電力經(jīng)濟(jì)營(yíng)銷管理系統(tǒng)在設(shè)計(jì)上還是存在著許多技術(shù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和技術(shù)欠缺的。這種情況下，信息化的經(jīng)濟(jì)營(yíng)銷模式就很難普及和推廣，這在很大程度上影響了電力企業(yè)營(yíng)銷管理的有序進(jìn)行。同時(shí)，也制約了電力企業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)營(yíng)銷管理制度的改革的推進(jìn)。因此，完善設(shè)備體系對(duì)于電力經(jīng)濟(jì)營(yíng)銷管理是十分必要和重要的，也是勢(shì)在必行的。

1.4 服務(wù)體系的缺陷

電力資源作為一種特殊的商品，其消費(fèi)者十分廣泛，從普通的個(gè)人到一些企業(yè)，都是電力企業(yè)的客戶或者潛在客戶。而客戶在消費(fèi)時(shí)一方面是要獲取商品的使用價(jià)值另一方面也是享受電力企業(yè)提供的優(yōu)質(zhì)服務(wù)。因此，構(gòu)建完善的服務(wù)體系可以有效提升客戶對(duì)于電力企業(yè)的信任度和認(rèn)可度，對(duì)于電力企業(yè)的發(fā)展來說是十分重要的。

2 電力經(jīng)濟(jì)營(yíng)銷管理策略的轉(zhuǎn)變

電力經(jīng)濟(jì)營(yíng)銷管理具有政策性強(qiáng)、業(yè)務(wù)面廣、信息量大且變動(dòng)頻繁等特點(diǎn)[2]。在電力經(jīng)營(yíng)體制的轉(zhuǎn)變以及電力供需矛盾緩和的新形勢(shì)下，電力經(jīng)濟(jì)營(yíng)銷管理策略需要從傳統(tǒng)的模式向更加科學(xué)的、現(xiàn)代化的管理策略進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)變。主要包括電力市場(chǎng)的擴(kuò)張策略、加強(qiáng)技術(shù)推廣的策略、環(huán)保能源的品牌宣傳策略以及優(yōu)化產(chǎn)品服務(wù)策略。

2.1 市場(chǎng)擴(kuò)張策略

經(jīng)濟(jì)效益以及社會(huì)效益的發(fā)展是一個(gè)企業(yè)的根本發(fā)展目標(biāo)。因此，應(yīng)該給予經(jīng)濟(jì)營(yíng)銷管理充分的關(guān)注和重視，市場(chǎng)擴(kuò)張策略就很好地詮釋了這一點(diǎn)。伴隨著電力體制的改革加強(qiáng)，我國(guó)的電力市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)必將打破原有的局面，逐步開放電力銷售市場(chǎng)，建立新的營(yíng)銷體制，加大對(duì)于銷售地域的擴(kuò)張同時(shí)加強(qiáng)能源市場(chǎng)的擴(kuò)張，重視基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)，完善各地區(qū)間的電網(wǎng)構(gòu)建[3]。

2.2 加強(qiáng)技術(shù)推廣策略

技術(shù)水平的提升是電力行業(yè)發(fā)展的根本動(dòng)力。因此，加強(qiáng)技術(shù)的推廣是十分重要的一個(gè)策略轉(zhuǎn)變。對(duì)于技術(shù)推廣的加強(qiáng)，一方面是在原有技術(shù)水平上的提升，另一方面是對(duì)于人才庫(kù)的更新。一個(gè)卓越的電力經(jīng)濟(jì)營(yíng)銷管理策略中最不能缺少的就是對(duì)于技術(shù)的強(qiáng)化策略，因?yàn)橹挥袨榭蛻籼峁┌踩?、可靠的、便捷高效的電力資源才能夠使一個(gè)電力企業(yè)贏得客戶的認(rèn)可和信任。然而，這一切都基于優(yōu)秀的電力技術(shù)來給予保證。因此，電力企業(yè)要著眼于對(duì)于技術(shù)水平的提升以及基礎(chǔ)技術(shù)設(shè)備的建設(shè)，完善營(yíng)銷管理信息系統(tǒng)，提升電力企業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)采集的及時(shí)性、強(qiáng)化數(shù)據(jù)分析的可靠性，以便制定出更加符合市場(chǎng)發(fā)展規(guī)律的電力企業(yè)營(yíng)銷策略。

2.3 環(huán)保能源的品牌宣傳策略

在電力經(jīng)濟(jì)營(yíng)銷體制的轉(zhuǎn)變和電力供需矛盾緩和的新形勢(shì)下，在國(guó)家關(guān)于可持續(xù)發(fā)展策略的引導(dǎo)下，可將電力營(yíng)銷總體策略定位為環(huán)保能源發(fā)展策略[2]。近些年來，人們對(duì)于電力行業(yè)的要求已經(jīng)不僅僅停留在提供可靠的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量保障，更上升到對(duì)于節(jié)能環(huán)保的要求層面。因此，電力企業(yè)要抓住這一個(gè)關(guān)注點(diǎn)，創(chuàng)造自身的環(huán)保能源品牌戰(zhàn)略，并以此為品牌特色進(jìn)行大力宣傳。用環(huán)保能源的品牌宣傳策略來提升電力企業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)營(yíng)銷管理水平，為企業(yè)創(chuàng)造更多的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益，促進(jìn)企業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。

2.4 優(yōu)化產(chǎn)品服務(wù)策略

在電力市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)日趨激烈的今天，許多電力行業(yè)選擇從軟實(shí)力上進(jìn)行改進(jìn)和強(qiáng)化，不得不說這是一個(gè)非常成功的策略轉(zhuǎn)變措施。作為電力資源的銷售，必須要保證其安全性、便捷性以及多樣化。只有這樣，才會(huì)讓客戶安全、方便快捷地獲得以及使用電能，從而提高客戶對(duì)于電力企業(yè)的滿意度和信任度。另外，完善的人工服務(wù)也是優(yōu)化產(chǎn)品服務(wù)策略的一個(gè)方面。從客戶的角度出發(fā)，簡(jiǎn)化業(yè)務(wù)辦理流程、提高服務(wù)質(zhì)量、與客戶建立一種共同發(fā)展的良好供用關(guān)系是當(dāng)今電力企業(yè)在強(qiáng)化服務(wù)方面的目標(biāo)。

3 結(jié)語

面對(duì)當(dāng)前的新時(shí)代經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)，我國(guó)的電力企業(yè)面臨著巨大挑戰(zhàn)。然而，機(jī)遇是與挑戰(zhàn)并存的，電力企業(yè)應(yīng)該抓住機(jī)會(huì)、準(zhǔn)確分析市場(chǎng)形勢(shì)，利用這個(gè)良好的契機(jī)來轉(zhuǎn)變電力經(jīng)濟(jì)營(yíng)銷管理策略，促進(jìn)電力市場(chǎng)的發(fā)展，從而提升自身的核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，帶來更多的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益以及社會(huì)效益。

參考文獻(xiàn)：

[1]廖昌明.電力營(yíng)銷管理策略的簡(jiǎn)要分析[J].科技創(chuàng)新與應(yīng)用，2012 （11）.

篇8

樂“學(xué)”知識(shí)目標(biāo)

學(xué)好語言知識(shí)是學(xué)生發(fā)展語言技能的重要基礎(chǔ)。在教學(xué)中，利用信息技術(shù)創(chuàng)設(shè)真實(shí)語境，鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生在自主學(xué)習(xí)的基礎(chǔ)上開展合作探究，因勢(shì)利導(dǎo)，讓學(xué)生充分展示各自的特長(zhǎng)，體驗(yàn)學(xué)習(xí)成功的喜悅，進(jìn)而轉(zhuǎn)化為學(xué)習(xí)的動(dòng)力。

在語音、詞匯的教學(xué)中，我利用多媒體集音、像、圖、文于一體的特點(diǎn)， 將原本枯燥的聽、讀、寫進(jìn)行了語境動(dòng)畫創(chuàng)設(shè)制作，利用動(dòng)畫分音節(jié)、分段地展示新單詞，突破重難點(diǎn)，使學(xué)生感受語境，感知語音，感悟語言。例如，初一英語下冊(cè)Unit 6中出現(xiàn)大量表現(xiàn)人物外貌和性格的形容詞。此時(shí)，我讓學(xué)生在一場(chǎng)最熟悉、最喜愛的籃球賽中一覽姚明等NBA巨星的風(fēng)采，伴隨著球場(chǎng)上解說員全英文的介紹，學(xué)生們不僅能感受到純正的發(fā)音技巧，而且會(huì)不由自主地融入運(yùn)用英語交流的語境中。一個(gè)動(dòng)畫口型的凸顯會(huì)很好地吸引學(xué)生的注意力，讓學(xué)生通過模仿掌握連讀、爆破等發(fā)音技巧，進(jìn)而在語境交流過程中掌握本單元的新詞匯。教師隨時(shí)關(guān)注學(xué)生交流，并適時(shí)地利用電子白板的輸入功能設(shè)計(jì)語音指導(dǎo)，提醒學(xué)生準(zhǔn)確發(fā)音，強(qiáng)化學(xué)生的記憶。

力“拓”能力目標(biāo)

語言學(xué)習(xí)的最終目標(biāo)是運(yùn)用，這就需要教師努力為學(xué)生搭建一個(gè)廣闊的實(shí)踐平臺(tái)，讓學(xué)生掌握學(xué)習(xí)語言的方法，拓展自己的能力，達(dá)到語言教學(xué)的能力目標(biāo)。英語作為一門國(guó)際性語言走進(jìn)我們的課堂，本身缺乏足夠的語言環(huán)境，信息技術(shù)在英語教學(xué)中的應(yīng)用正好彌補(bǔ)了這一缺憾。信息技術(shù)為學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語提供了更為廣闊的學(xué)習(xí)空間，有利于學(xué)生拓展聽、說、讀、寫等各方面技能。初二英語下冊(cè)Unit 5的語言目標(biāo)是 Talk about consequences ，為達(dá)到這一目標(biāo)，全面提高學(xué)生語言技能，我下載了一段美國(guó)中學(xué)生周末聚會(huì)的視頻片段，啟發(fā)學(xué)生思考交流: “What will happen if you go to the party?” 在這里，學(xué)生不但感受到了最純正的英語口語交流，而且分享到了異國(guó)同齡人周末活動(dòng)的快樂，培養(yǎng)和鍛煉了學(xué)生的聽說能力，同時(shí)也為學(xué)生自己的語言交流樹立了榜樣。在此基礎(chǔ)上，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生想象自己班級(jí)的聚會(huì)活動(dòng)，自制活動(dòng)會(huì)話片段課件，練習(xí)掌握常用口語。在活動(dòng)會(huì)話交流、課件的制作和展示中，學(xué)生領(lǐng)略到了學(xué)習(xí)語言的快樂，輕松地完成了本單元的能力目標(biāo)。

盡“修”情感目標(biāo)

英語作為世界上使用國(guó)家最多的語言, 蘊(yùn)涵著深厚的文化底蘊(yùn)，同時(shí)也儲(chǔ)藏著豐富的情感內(nèi)涵。利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)下載西方國(guó)家日常生活場(chǎng)景片段，自然風(fēng)光、地域風(fēng)貌和歷史變遷的圖片解說，以及學(xué)生喜愛的英文歌曲和文學(xué)作品等，都在不同方面、不同程度上使學(xué)生了解了世界各地的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、風(fēng)土人情和歷史文化，既開闊了眼界，又對(duì)學(xué)生的思想、行為、態(tài)度，乃至世界觀和人生觀的塑造起著潛移默化的作用。

篇9

【關(guān)鍵詞】中小學(xué) 教師角色 英語教育 銜接

小學(xué)與初中是基礎(chǔ)教育的兩個(gè)階段，它們彼此獨(dú)立卻又緊密聯(lián)系。但目前中小學(xué)英語教學(xué)中存在著較為嚴(yán)重的脫節(jié)現(xiàn)象，導(dǎo)致不少在小學(xué)階段成績(jī)不錯(cuò)的初一新生，在進(jìn)入初中后的英語學(xué)習(xí)中暴露出種種問題，而一些較有潛力的孩子在進(jìn)入中學(xué)后也成為了泯滅于眾人中的現(xiàn)代“仲永”。進(jìn)入初中不應(yīng)當(dāng)是小學(xué)英語教育的終點(diǎn)，而應(yīng)是小學(xué)英語教育的延續(xù)、初中英語教育的起點(diǎn)。如何實(shí)現(xiàn)中小學(xué)英語教師角色互換，順利做好小學(xué)和初中的銜接工作，成功地將小學(xué)英語教學(xué)過渡到初中英語教學(xué)，是一個(gè)值得我們廈門外國(guó)語學(xué)校海滄附屬學(xué)校這樣一所以英語為辦學(xué)特色的九年一貫制學(xué)校認(rèn)真思考研究的問題。那么究竟應(yīng)該如何解決這個(gè)問題呢？筆者認(rèn)為主要該從以下幾點(diǎn)入手：

一、把握教學(xué)內(nèi)容的差異，做好中小學(xué)教材的自然銜接

做為一名初一英語教師，筆者經(jīng)常會(huì)聽到學(xué)生們有這樣的疑問：許多知識(shí)點(diǎn)在小學(xué)就已經(jīng)學(xué)過了，為何初中還在重復(fù)？不是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間嗎？ 聽到這樣的埋怨及質(zhì)疑，筆者沉思許久。既然小學(xué)就已經(jīng)學(xué)過了，為何現(xiàn)在的初一學(xué)生一談到相關(guān)的話題，能夠真正漂亮地說上幾句的學(xué)生屈指可數(shù)呢？究竟是小學(xué)英語教學(xué)的浪費(fèi)還是初一教學(xué)的沒有必要呢？

筆者認(rèn)為出現(xiàn)這樣的問題，說明中小學(xué)英語教育銜接存在著不足或者可能完全失去銜接。想要從根本上解決這個(gè)不足或者彌補(bǔ)這個(gè)缺口，就要求中小學(xué)英語教師在日常教學(xué)中，要相互交流中小學(xué)英語教學(xué)信息，通讀中小學(xué)英語教材，注意中小學(xué)英語教學(xué)內(nèi)容和教學(xué)方式的差異，以便融會(huì)貫通，掌握好中小學(xué)英語教學(xué)規(guī)律，使新舊知識(shí)自然銜接。

首先，對(duì)于小學(xué)英語教師而言，要找出小學(xué)教材與初中教材，特別是初中第一冊(cè)教材在詞匯、語法和語言交際等內(nèi)容上的異同處，以便找準(zhǔn)銜接點(diǎn)，行之有效地整合教材內(nèi)容，制定合適的教學(xué)目標(biāo)，為初中起始階段的教學(xué)提供扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)，使初中教師不再致力于字母、音標(biāo)、語音語調(diào)的教學(xué)，而是在學(xué)生原有的基礎(chǔ)上，著手拓寬學(xué)生的知識(shí)面。

其次，對(duì)于中學(xué)英語教師而言，則是要通讀小學(xué)一至六冊(cè)的教學(xué)內(nèi)容，在開學(xué)的第一至兩周內(nèi)做系統(tǒng)的復(fù)習(xí)，達(dá)到自然的銜接過渡。因?yàn)槌跻挥⒄Z大綱所要求掌握的詞匯、句子、語法等內(nèi)容大多在小學(xué)英語中就已經(jīng)學(xué)過，或者至少是涉及過，所以在學(xué)生步入初一之后，中學(xué)英語教師應(yīng)當(dāng)將小學(xué)英語的重難點(diǎn)，特別是與新課英語內(nèi)容相關(guān)的語法、交際目標(biāo)語言系統(tǒng)地復(fù)習(xí)一遍，達(dá)到小學(xué)英語教學(xué)內(nèi)容鞏固、記憶、活用的目的，為過渡到初一新知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)做好充分準(zhǔn)備。同時(shí)，中學(xué)英語教師也要合理安排教學(xué)內(nèi)容和教學(xué)方式，實(shí)現(xiàn)因材施教，讓新生從第一節(jié)英語課開始，就有一種學(xué)習(xí)的新鮮感和緊迫感，做到中小學(xué)英語教材的自然銜接。這樣，才能避免因?qū)W習(xí)內(nèi)容重復(fù)而導(dǎo)致學(xué)習(xí)效率降低、水平難以提高的現(xiàn)象。

二、注意結(jié)合教學(xué)方式，做好中小學(xué)生英語學(xué)習(xí)興趣的銜接

俗話說，興趣是最好的老師，在中小學(xué)英語教學(xué)中，要提高教學(xué)質(zhì)量，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣是關(guān)鍵?！缎睦韺W(xué)》中對(duì)于中小學(xué)生的興趣做了這樣的論述：“小學(xué)生對(duì)理解的、感興趣的和具體的事有興趣。初中生的興趣和小學(xué)生相比具有一定的深刻性和自覺性，他們由于學(xué)習(xí)和獲得好成績(jī)而產(chǎn)生的滿意的積極情感有助于發(fā)展和鞏固他們的學(xué)習(xí)興趣?！彪S著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，初一學(xué)生的身心發(fā)展有了一定的變化，在他們身上再也找不到小學(xué)生獨(dú)有的對(duì)新鮮事物的好奇和好問，特別是他們的自我表現(xiàn)欲望不如小學(xué)階段強(qiáng)烈，不敢舉手回答問題，不敢開口講英語，久而久之學(xué)英語的興趣也逐步下降。因此，鞏固學(xué)生英語學(xué)習(xí)興趣的重?fù)?dān)就落到了初一年級(jí)教師的身上。

在小學(xué)英語教學(xué)中，教師常常通過游戲、表演、視聽等教學(xué)方法，來激發(fā)小學(xué)生的英語學(xué)習(xí)興趣。根據(jù)中小學(xué)生的心理特征，初中英語教師也應(yīng)在教學(xué)過程中，認(rèn)真把握好教材內(nèi)容的趣味性，盡量保留并發(fā)揚(yáng)小學(xué)英語課的教學(xué)方式，營(yíng)造活躍的課堂氣氛。中學(xué)教師可以綜合利用各種直觀教具和多媒體把文字、聲音和圖象等融為一體，創(chuàng)設(shè)學(xué)生主動(dòng)參與語言交際活動(dòng)的情境，讓學(xué)生走入情境、理解情景、表演情境，以此來教授重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。筆者在進(jìn)行新目標(biāo)七年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit 8 I’d like some noodles的教學(xué)中，就利用多媒體展示精美的食物圖片，并進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的餐廳點(diǎn)餐情景劇競(jìng)賽，讓學(xué)生自己制作道具，組織人員進(jìn)行表演。學(xué)生很快的融入情景中，并且較牢固的掌握了該課的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。經(jīng)過筆者課后調(diào)查，學(xué)生普遍反映這樣的課堂大大提高了他們對(duì)英語學(xué)習(xí)的興趣。

此外，初中英語教師尤其要深入研究和學(xué)習(xí)《英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》中提出和倡導(dǎo)的任務(wù)型教學(xué)模式，要盡量用巧妙、新穎獨(dú)特的課堂導(dǎo)入使學(xué)生自然的進(jìn)入學(xué)習(xí)新知識(shí)的情境，激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣和求知欲，使學(xué)生樂學(xué)、愛學(xué)。同時(shí)，初中英語教師也可以開展各種有利于學(xué)生鞏固和運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)的英語活動(dòng)，如表演法、競(jìng)賽法、游戲法來滿足學(xué)生好玩樂、爭(zhēng)強(qiáng)好勝的心理，持續(xù)激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)熱情，使學(xué)生在各種活動(dòng)中體驗(yàn)英語學(xué)習(xí)的趣味性，享受英語學(xué)習(xí)的樂趣。

三、培養(yǎng)中小學(xué)生科學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)技能，做好中小學(xué)生英語學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣的銜接

書寫潦草，不規(guī)范，拼寫含糊，語法概念混亂，中式英語屢見不鮮，“金口難開”等，是筆者在一年的初一教學(xué)過程中，發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)生普遍存在的英語學(xué)習(xí)問題。這些問題迫切要求中小學(xué)英語教師必須指導(dǎo)學(xué)生掌握科學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)方法，養(yǎng)成良好的自主學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣。

由于有初次接觸英語的好奇感，加之記憶力、模仿力都較強(qiáng)，通常小學(xué)生很快便能適應(yīng)其英語老師及其教學(xué)方法。只要他們?cè)诶蠋煹慕虒?dǎo)下，勤奮努力，絕大多數(shù)學(xué)生并不難達(dá)到大綱的要求程度。然而對(duì)于小學(xué)高年級(jí)的英語教師而言，除了引導(dǎo)學(xué)生努力學(xué)習(xí)以達(dá)到大綱要求外，更應(yīng)該有意識(shí)地培養(yǎng)學(xué)生養(yǎng)成課前預(yù)習(xí)，找出問題的習(xí)慣；課內(nèi)帶著問題認(rèn)真聽課和做筆記，積極思考、提問的習(xí)慣；課后整理筆記，按時(shí)按質(zhì)按量完成家庭作業(yè)，及時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)鞏固的習(xí)慣，以便學(xué)生進(jìn)入初中后能夠更快的學(xué)會(huì)自主學(xué)習(xí)，進(jìn)而更快地進(jìn)入初中英語學(xué)習(xí)的高速軌道。

對(duì)于初中英語教師而言，由于教學(xué)對(duì)象正處于機(jī)械記憶向理解記憶逐漸轉(zhuǎn)化時(shí)期，加上面對(duì)初中教材內(nèi)容、教學(xué)要求的轉(zhuǎn)變、中小學(xué)教師教學(xué)方法的差異、學(xué)科增多等一系列新的問題，在英語學(xué)習(xí)中或多或少都會(huì)存在著一些問題。因此，在教學(xué)過程中要努力幫助學(xué)生保留部分好的小學(xué)英語學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣：積極舉手發(fā)言的習(xí)慣，積極參與小組活動(dòng)的習(xí)慣，積極參與英語游戲的習(xí)慣等。同時(shí)幫助、指導(dǎo)學(xué)生掌握好科學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣：學(xué)會(huì)歸納總結(jié)語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)，學(xué)會(huì)自編英語學(xué)習(xí)口訣，學(xué)會(huì)整合交際語言并自編對(duì)話等，以便學(xué)生更快融入初中階段的英語學(xué)習(xí)。

四、關(guān)注中小學(xué)生思想動(dòng)態(tài)，注意中小學(xué)學(xué)生心理情感的銜接

從小學(xué)踏入中學(xué)，學(xué)生們?cè)谛睦砩弦仓饾u發(fā)生著變化。他們有著很強(qiáng)的自豪感，總愛以“小大人”自居，希望仿照大人的方式去處事，并渴望受到別人的尊重，但實(shí)際上他們處理問題片面輕率，稚氣十足，面對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)困難束手無策或者輕言放棄。況且，進(jìn)入中學(xué)后，學(xué)生面臨著一個(gè)全新的環(huán)境，對(duì)新教師的教學(xué)及管理方法、板書、語音語調(diào)、言談舉止等存在不適應(yīng)，就可能影響學(xué)生的課堂學(xué)習(xí)效果。

因此，對(duì)于中學(xué)英語教師而言，在師能方面，要通過高質(zhì)量的英語教學(xué)，樹立良好的教師形象和威嚴(yán)；在師德方面，則是學(xué)會(huì)做現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的“古越濤”，要在銜接期用心地關(guān)心學(xué)生，用老師真誠(chéng)的態(tài)度和嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)男袨槿ビ绊憣W(xué)生，感化學(xué)生，幫助他們克服英語學(xué)習(xí)中的心理障礙，做學(xué)生的知心朋友，增進(jìn)師生情感交流，使學(xué)生保持心理平衡，從而產(chǎn)生對(duì)老師的敬佩和信賴，使學(xué)生增強(qiáng)英語學(xué)習(xí)的自信心，最終達(dá)到學(xué)生真正地“親其師，信其道”。

五、實(shí)現(xiàn)中小學(xué)教師角色的互換

要做好中小學(xué)英語教育的銜接工作，最根本的還是教師要轉(zhuǎn)變觀念，實(shí)現(xiàn)角色的互換，要由過去單純的教育者、管理者轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榉?wù)者、研究者和學(xué)習(xí)者。我們?nèi)w中小學(xué)英語教師應(yīng)該充分利用我們九年一貫制辦學(xué)制度的優(yōu)勢(shì)，加強(qiáng)交流與學(xué)習(xí)。中學(xué)教師應(yīng)多到小學(xué)去聽課、上課，了解小學(xué)教師的教學(xué)風(fēng)格和小學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)特點(diǎn)，熟悉小學(xué)教法和教學(xué)內(nèi)容，為自然銜接做準(zhǔn)備；小學(xué)教師也應(yīng)多到中學(xué)去聽課，和中學(xué)英語教師一起研討教學(xué)中應(yīng)注意的問題，了解初中英語教學(xué)的動(dòng)態(tài)，了解中學(xué)生需要在小學(xué)生階段奠定哪些基礎(chǔ)、養(yǎng)成哪些習(xí)慣等。這樣，既可以避免小學(xué)生進(jìn)入初中后機(jī)械重復(fù)地學(xué)習(xí)英語知識(shí)，解決中小學(xué)英語教學(xué)中存在的問題，為中小學(xué)英語教育的銜接提供重要依據(jù)，同時(shí)也有利于促使中小學(xué)英語教師轉(zhuǎn)變教育觀念，提高自身素質(zhì)，不斷接受新事物，努力提高英語教學(xué)水平，開拓出一條既符合教學(xué)實(shí)際，又適合時(shí)代需要的教學(xué)新路子，從而提高我校九年義務(wù)教育英語教學(xué)水平，真正凸顯出我校九年一貫制的英語辦學(xué)特色。

路漫漫其修遠(yuǎn)兮，順利做好小學(xué)和初中的銜接工作，成功地將小學(xué)英語教學(xué)過渡到初中英語教學(xué)，是一個(gè)以英語為辦學(xué)特色的九年一貫制學(xué)校的重頭戲。只有全體中小學(xué)教師共同用心和努力地做好銜接和過渡工作，才能盡快迎來中小學(xué)英語教育的春天。

參考文獻(xiàn)：

[1]余文森.新課程背景下的公共教育學(xué)教程[M].高等教育出版社.2004.

[2]葉一舵. 新課程背景下的公共心理學(xué)教程[M].高等教育出版社.2004.

[3]胡春洞. 英語教學(xué)法[M].高等教育出版社.2002.

[4]教育部.英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（實(shí)驗(yàn)稿）[M].北京師范大學(xué)出版社.2005.

篇10

（四川省巴中市巴州區(qū)清江鎮(zhèn)奇章小學(xué)636025）

一、建立和諧平等的師生關(guān)系,讓學(xué)生愉快學(xué)習(xí)

首先,教師要關(guān)心愛護(hù)學(xué)生。我校有三分之一的學(xué)生遠(yuǎn)離父母到我校學(xué)習(xí),老師和藹可親的語氣、協(xié)調(diào)自如的表情、真誠(chéng)的微笑、信任的眼神、恰當(dāng)?shù)墓膭?lì),為學(xué)生帶來感官上和精神上的愉悅;課后多和他們接觸,從生活上多關(guān)心他們,注意他們?cè)谇榫w、思想和行為上的變化,就像父母一樣與之多交流、多談心,幫助他們答疑解難。其次,教師要平等對(duì)待學(xué)生,教師要尊重學(xué)生,保護(hù)他們的自尊心和積極性,對(duì)學(xué)生應(yīng)以鼓勵(lì)為主,及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的點(diǎn)滴進(jìn)步,給予肯定或表?yè)P(yáng),使學(xué)生感覺到自己時(shí)刻在進(jìn)步,不斷體驗(yàn)到成功的喜悅,提高其學(xué)習(xí)英語的興趣和信心。興趣是推動(dòng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的一種動(dòng)力。愉快教學(xué)就是通過營(yíng)造輕松、歡快的課堂氣氛,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的興趣,激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)熱情和積極性。我采取了一些方法,如:幫助班上的同學(xué)改英文名,盡量多講一些關(guān)于英美國(guó)家的文化、生活故事,使他們能夠愛上英語。

二、做好記憶方法指導(dǎo),讓學(xué)生輕松學(xué)習(xí)

1、語音規(guī)則記憶法。在教授生詞的時(shí)候,我根據(jù)本課的新單詞,聯(lián)系舊單詞,總結(jié)讀音規(guī)則。如:在教新單詞時(shí),總結(jié)出字母a的讀音規(guī)則。a在單詞past、half中是發(fā)［a:］,在單詞late、game中是發(fā)［ei:］。我還同時(shí)聯(lián)系學(xué)過的單詞中含字母組合ar的單詞dark、quarter、sharpener等,復(fù)習(xí)字母a的發(fā)音規(guī)則和字母組合ar、aw、ea的發(fā)音規(guī)則。通過這樣的總結(jié),學(xué)生能順利地讀出單詞,漸漸也能寫出單詞。

2、擴(kuò)展聯(lián)想記憶法。在教生詞travel的時(shí)候引導(dǎo)學(xué)生聯(lián)想到表示旅行的交通工具,boat、bus、ship、plane、car、 taxi. minibus and so on;并且可以聯(lián)系by、take、on、in的用法。當(dāng)學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)詞visit時(shí),要引導(dǎo)學(xué)生想到一系列的與"看"有關(guān)的動(dòng)詞或短語see、watch、read、look at、lookaf ter、take care of。久而久之,學(xué)生在看到一個(gè)房間的時(shí)候,就有可能想到desk、chair、broom、sofa、book等一系列的單詞。

3、歸類集中記憶法。鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生將所學(xué)過的單詞歸類集中:按歸屬范圍歸類,如文具類、蔬菜類、水果類、交通工具類、月份星期類;按詞的用法特點(diǎn)歸類,如帶雙賓語的動(dòng)詞、帶賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞、后接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞、后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)名詞和動(dòng)詞不定式兼用作賓語有區(qū)別的動(dòng)詞。按句型結(jié)構(gòu)歸類,如"想干某事"可有如下句型:want to do sth,want sb to do sth, want sth,would like to do sth.按字母組合歸類,如以字母組合ook結(jié)尾的單詞有cook、book、look等;按同義詞、反義詞進(jìn)行歸類,

4、構(gòu)詞分組記憶法。引導(dǎo)學(xué)生利用構(gòu)詞法可以迅速、準(zhǔn)確地記憶單詞,增加詞匯量,下冊(cè)的Unit21,動(dòng)詞ing構(gòu)成中有一條是以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且未尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞,需雙寫這一輔音字母再+ing,讓學(xué)生著實(shí)難以理解。教師可僅就初一冊(cè)中常出的需雙寫輔音字母的動(dòng)詞羅列出來,如:put-putting,begin-beginning,stop -stopping,swlm-swlmming, run-running, get-getting, sit-sitting等,然后再按一定順序排列,使之成為一段有意義的話:get begin swim run stop put sit,得到(get) -個(gè)命令,開始(begin)游泳(swim)和跑步(run),停止(stop)比賽后,穿上(put´- on)衣服,坐下(sit)休息一會(huì)兒。這樣同學(xué)們只需記住一段對(duì)于自己來說太好記不過的話,就可解決很多易錯(cuò)的問題。