導(dǎo)語：試論入世后企業(yè)注冊(cè)制度的改革一文來源于網(wǎng)友上傳，不代表本站觀點(diǎn)，若需要原創(chuàng)文章可咨詢客服老師，歡迎參考。

摘要：入世后，由于我國市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展需要融入全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的進(jìn)程，現(xiàn)行的市場(chǎng)主體將發(fā)生變化，市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入制度也將隨之調(diào)整。傳統(tǒng)的工商行政管理的企業(yè)注冊(cè)模式受到了挑戰(zhàn)。企業(yè)注冊(cè)制度改革勢(shì)在必行。綜觀世界各國企業(yè)登記注冊(cè)制度的歷史演變過程，經(jīng)歷了四個(gè)階段：特許主義、自由放任主義、許可主義、準(zhǔn)則主義階段。當(dāng)今世界“準(zhǔn)則主義”已成為市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)國家所普遍采用的國際慣例，而我國現(xiàn)行企業(yè)注冊(cè)制度的狀況是登記與審批相互滲透、相互結(jié)合，公司登記與非公司登記的雙軌制，內(nèi)資企業(yè)、外資企業(yè)、私營企業(yè)登記的多樣性，級(jí)別管轄與地域管轄、指定管轄、授權(quán)管轄、委托管轄相互結(jié)合、相互交錯(cuò)，不同地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展差異導(dǎo)致了注冊(cè)手段、注冊(cè)方法的多樣性。這些現(xiàn)象的產(chǎn)生反映了我們的立法缺乏系統(tǒng)性、公開性，使得市場(chǎng)主體在市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入這個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)上出現(xiàn)不公平性、不合理性。主要表現(xiàn)在市場(chǎng)主體設(shè)立之不平等，市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入之不平等，市場(chǎng)資格條件及設(shè)立程序之不平等。WTO要求市場(chǎng)規(guī)范標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，要求準(zhǔn)入統(tǒng)一公平，使競(jìng)爭(zhēng)各方有公平之基礎(chǔ)。這就要求現(xiàn)行注冊(cè)制度必須進(jìn)行改革。企業(yè)注冊(cè)制度的改革應(yīng)堅(jiān)持“高效、規(guī)范、簡化”的價(jià)值取向。主要建議對(duì)策有：注冊(cè)登記機(jī)關(guān)的設(shè)置應(yīng)集中于一個(gè)部門，這樣才能體現(xiàn)注冊(cè)機(jī)關(guān)的權(quán)威統(tǒng)一性和高效規(guī)范性；注冊(cè)的模式采取法人登記與營業(yè)登記的分離，即法人登記解決法律地位，營業(yè)登記解決資格問題；注冊(cè)實(shí)質(zhì)的改革應(yīng)當(dāng)是變對(duì)注冊(cè)材料真實(shí)性、合法性的實(shí)質(zhì)性審查為形式審查；建立注冊(cè)官制度，在客觀上減少行政首長的干預(yù)與監(jiān)督，保持注冊(cè)權(quán)的相對(duì)獨(dú)立性；培育和完善中介機(jī)構(gòu)，既能使企業(yè)擺脫冗雜的事務(wù)，又能使登記機(jī)關(guān)辦理程序高效快捷。通過上述手段使我國的企業(yè)設(shè)立制度由“審批注冊(cè)制”向“準(zhǔn)則登記制”靠攏、發(fā)展，以適應(yīng)WTO的基本規(guī)則。

關(guān)鍵詞:WTO企業(yè)注冊(cè)制度改革

Abstract:WithChina’sentryintoWTO,thedevelopmentofChina’smarketeconomyhasbeeninburningneedofbecomingfurtherintegratedwiththeeconomicglobalization.Forthisreason,thecurrentmarketwillchangewhilethemarketaccesssystemwillbeadjusted.Thetraditionalenterpriseregistrationmodeofindustrialandcommercialadministrationisfacedwithchallenge.Itisnecessarytocarryoutreformofenterpriseregistrationsystem.Theevolutionhistoryofenterpriseregistrationsystemofcountriesallovertheworldhasundergonefourphases:namely,EntrywithFranchise,FreeEntry,EntrywithLicenseandEntrywithRule.Intoday’sworld,“EntrywithRule”hasbecometheinternationalpracticeprevailinginmarket-economycountries.However,inChina,thecurrententerpriseregistrationsituationisasfollows:mutualpenetrationandcombinationbetweenregistrationandexaminationandapproval;two-pathsystemofenterpriseregistrationandnon-enterpriseregistration;diversityofdomestic-fundedenterpriseregistration,foreign-fundedenterpriseregistrationandprivateenterpriseregistration;mutualintegrationoflevel-domination,regional-domination,appointeddomination,authorizeddominationandconsigneddomination;differenceineconomicdevelopmentleadingtodiversityofregistrationmeansandregistrationapproach.Allthosereflectthatourlegislationislackofsystematismandtransparencywhichhascausedinequityandirrationalityinthelinkofmarketaccess,whichmanifesttheinequityofestablishmentofmarket,theinequityofmarketaccess,andtheinequityofmarketqualificationconditionandprocedureofestablishment.WTOrequiresstandardizedmarket,unifiedandfairaccesssothateverycompetitorwillhaveabasisofequity.Alltheserequestthatthereisamusttocarryoutreforminregistrationsystem.Thereformofenterpriseregistrationshouldadheretothevalueorientationofefficiency,standardizationandsimplicity.Ourmainsuggestionsarelistedasfollows:Onlyonedepartmentshouldbeinchargeofregistrationsoastoembodyregistrationorgan’sauthority,unity,efficiencyandstandardization;Registrationmodeshouldbeinthiswaythatweshouldseparatetaxpayerregistrationfrombusinessregistration,namely,theformerforlegalstatusandthelatterforqualification;Theessentialreforminregistrationshouldtransformfromcensoringauthenticityandvalidityofregistrationmaterialtocensoringform.;Weshouldestablishregistersystemsothatinterferenceandsupervisionfromadministrativedirectorswillberelievedsubstantiallyandtherighttoregistrationwillberelativelyindependent;Weshouldcultivateandimproveintermediateagencyforthepurposeofliberatingenterprisefromlongandcomplexprocedureandfacilitatingtheregistrationprocedures.Throughalloftheregistrationauthority’smeasuresmentionedabove,enterprisesinChinawillestablishthesystemwhichdevelopsfromregistrationsystemofexaminationandapprovaltoregistrationsystemofruleinordertoadapttobasicrulesofWTO.

關(guān)鍵詞:WTO，enterprise，registration，system，reform