北京導(dǎo)游詞

TheGreatWall

TheGreatWall,likethePyramidsofEgypt,theTajMahal(1)inIndiaandtheHangingGardenofBabylon(2),isoneofthegreatwondersoftheworld.StartingoutintheeastonthebanksoftheYaluRiverinLiaoningProvince,theWallstretcheswestwardsfor12,700kilometerstoJiayuguanintheGobidesert,thusknownastheTenThousandLiWallinChina.TheWallclimbsupanddown,twistsandturnsalongtheridgesoftheYanshanandYinshanMountainChainsthroughfiveprovinces-Liaoning,Hebei,Shanxi,Shaanxi,andGansu--andtwoautonomousregions--NingxiaandInnerMongolia,bindingthenorthernChinatogether.

HistoricalrecordstracetheconstructionoftheoriginoftheWalltodefensivefortificationbacktotheyear656B.C.duringthereignofKingChengoftheStatesofChu.ItsconstructioncontinuedthroughouttheWarringStatesperiodinthefifthCenturyB.C.whenducalstatesYan,Zhao,Wei,andQinwerefrequentlyplunderedbythenomadicpeopleslivingnorthoftheYinshanandYanshanmountainranges.Walls,then,werebuiltseparatelybytheseducalstatestowardoffsuchharassments.Laterin221B.C.,whenQinconqueredtheotherstatesandunifiedChina,EmperorQinshihuangorderedtheconnectionoftheseindividualwallsandfurtherextensionstoformthebasisofthepresentgreatwall.Asamatteroffact,aseparateouterwallwasconstructednorthoftheYinshanrangeintheHanDynasty(206BC--1644BC.),whichwenttoruinthroughyearsofneglect.Inthemanyinterveningcenturies,succeedingdynastiesrebuiltpartsoftheWall.ThemostextensivereinforcementsandrenovationswerecarriedoutintheMingDynasty(1368--1644)whenaltogether18lengthystretcheswerereinforcedwithbricksandrocks.itismostlytheMingDynastyWallthatvisitorsseetoday.TheGreatWallisdividedintotwosections,theeastandwest,withShanxiProvinceasthedividingline.Thewestpartisarammedearthconstruction,about5.3metershighonaverage.Intheeasternpart,thecoreoftheWallisrammedearthaswell,buttheoutershellisreinforcedwithbricksandrocks.ThemostimposingandbestpreservedsectionsoftheGreatWallareatBadalingandMutianyu,notfarfromBeijingandbothareopentovisitors.TheWallofthosesectionsis7.8metershighand6.5meterswideatitsbase,narrowingto5.8metersontheramparts,wideenoughforfivehorsestogallopabreast.Thereareramparts,embrasures,peep-holesandaperturesforarchersonthetop,besidesgutterswithgargoylestodrainrain-waterofftheparapetwalk.Two-storiedwatch-towersarebuiltatapproximately400-metersinternals.Thetopstoriesofthewatch-towerweredesignedforobservingenemymovements,whilethefirstwasusedforstoringgrain,fodder,militaryequipmentandgunpowderaswellasforquarteringgarrisonsoldiers.Thehighestwatch-toweratBadalingstandingonahill-top,isreachedonlyafterasteepclimb,like"climbingaladdertoheaven".Theviewfromthetopisrewarding,hoverer.TheWallfollowsthecontourofmountainsthatriseonebehindtheotheruntiltheyfinallyfadeandmergewithdistanthaze.Asignalsystemformerlyexistedthatservedtocommunicatemilitaryinformationtothedynasticcapital.ThisconsistedofbeacontowersontheWallitselfandonmountaintopswithinsightoftheWall.Attheapproachofenemytroops,smokesignalsgavethealarmfromthebeacontowersinthedaytimeandbonfiredidthisatnight.

Emergencysignalscouldberelayedtothecapitalfromdistantplaceswithinafewhourlongbeforetheinventionofanythinglikemoderncommunications.Therestand14majorpasses(Guan,inChinese)atplacesofstrategicimportancealongtheGreatWall,themostimportantbeingShanghaiguanandJiayuguan.YetthemostimpressiveoneisJuyongguan,about50kilometersnorthwestofBeijing.Knownas"TianXiaDiYIGuan"(TheFirstPassUnderHeaven),ShanghaiguanPassissituatedbetweentwosheercliffsforminganeckconnectingnorthChinawiththenortheast.Ithadbeen,therefore,akeyjunctioncontestedbyallstrategistsandmanyfamousbattleswerefoughthere.ItwasthegateofShanghaiguanthattheMinggeneralWuSanguiopenedtotheManchuarmytosuppressthepeasantrebellionledbyLiZichengandsosurrenderedthewholeMingempiretotheManchus,leadingtothefoundationoftheQingDynasty.(1644-1911)JiayuguanPasswasnotsomuchasthe"StrategicpassUndertheHeaven"asanimportantcommunicationcenterinChinesehistory.Cleftbetweenthesnow-cappedQilianMountainsandtherollingMazongMountains,itwasontheancientSilkRoad.ZhangQian,thefirstenvoyofEmperorWuDioftheWesternHandynasty(206B.C-24A.D),crosseditonhisjourneytothewesternregions.Later,silkflowedtothewestthroughthispasstoo.Thegate-towerofJiayuguanisanattractivebuildingofexcellentworkmanship.Ithasaninnercityandanoutercity,theformersquareinshapeandsurroundedbyawall11.7metershighand730metersincircumference.Ithastwogates,aneasternoneandawesternone.Oneachgatesitsatowerfacingeachother.thefourcornersofthewallareoccupiedbyfourwatchtowers,oneforeach.Juyongguan,agatewaytoancientBeijingfromInnerMongolia,wasbuiltina15-kilometerlongravineflankedbymountains.ThecavalrymenofGenghisKhansweptthroughitinthe13thcentury.AtthecenterofthepassisawhitemarbleplatformnamedtheCloudterrace,whichwascalledtheCrossing-StreetDagoba,sinceitsnarrowarchspannedthemainstreetofthepassandonthetopoftheterracethereusedtobethreestonedagobas,builtintheYuanDaynasty(1206-1368).Atthebottomoftheterraceisahalf-octagonalarchgateway,interestingforitswealthofdetail:itisdecoratedwithsplendidimagesofBuddhaandfourcelestialguardianscarvedonthewalls.Thevividnessoftheirexpressionsismatchedbytheexquisiteworkmanship.suchgrandioserelicsworks,withseveralstonespiecedtogether,arerarelyseeninancientChinesecarving.Thegatejambsbearamulti-lingualBuddhistsutra,carvedsome600yearsagoinSanskrit(3),Tibetan,Mongolian,Uigur(4),HanChineseandthelanguageofWesternXia.Undoubtedly,theyarevaluabletothestudyofBuddhismandancientlanguages.Asaculturalheritage,theWallbelongsnotonlytoChinabuttotheworld.TheVenicechartersays:"Historicalandculturalarchitecturenotonlyincludestheindividualarchitecturalworks,butalsotheurbanorruralenvironmentthatwitnessedcertaincivilizations,significantsocialdevelopmentsorhistoricalevents."TheGreatWallisthelargestofsuchhistoricalandculturalarchitecture,andthatiswhyitcontinuestobesoattractivetopeopleallovertheworld.In1987,theWallwaslistedbyUNESCOasaworldculturalheritagesite.

Notes:1.theTajMahalinIndia印度的泰姬陵2.theHangingGardenofBabylon巴比倫的空中花園3.Sanskrit梵語(yǔ)4.Uigur維吾爾語(yǔ)

北京導(dǎo)游詞

各位游客朋友：

我們我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)來(lái)到了天安門(mén)廣場(chǎng)。大家可以看一下，我們現(xiàn)在的位置是在天安門(mén)廣場(chǎng)南北方向的中軸線上，距我們南面的人民英雄紀(jì)念碑大約有100米左右的距離。我們今天在天安門(mén)廣場(chǎng)游覽的時(shí)間是30分鐘。

好好好，大家向我這里聚一下，我先給大家簡(jiǎn)要介紹一下天安門(mén)廣場(chǎng)的主要景觀。（手勢(shì)，向北指）大家先向這邊看。（稍停頓，待游客目光集中于手指方向）我愛(ài)北京--天-安-門(mén)。一會(huì)兒，我會(huì)向大家詳細(xì)介紹天安門(mén)的的滄桑歷史。除了天安門(mén)城樓外，我還要向您介紹天安門(mén)前的金水橋、以及橋前的華表和石獅。大家回一下頭，您看到了，這就是莊嚴(yán)挺拔的人民英雄紀(jì)念碑了，隨后我也將向您講一講她的故事。紀(jì)念碑南邊的建筑就是""紀(jì)念堂""，我們今天的行程沒(méi)有安排大家瞻仰遺容，如果您有意去的話(huà)，可以告訴我，我會(huì)盡量滿(mǎn)足您的愿望。天安門(mén)廣場(chǎng)東側(cè)的建筑是中國(guó)革命歷史博物館，這里陳列了大量珍貴的革命歷史文物。和她相對(duì)著的，（手勢(shì)，向西指）西邊的這座建筑，就是非常著名的""人民大會(huì)堂""。關(guān)于她，一會(huì)兒我也會(huì)向您做詳細(xì)介紹。

好，大家現(xiàn)在可以在廣場(chǎng)上拍照留念。拍照前我給大家提個(gè)醒，大家盡量避免站在這條中軸線上拍照，旗桿可能會(huì)影響您的拍攝效果。另外，大家如果在紀(jì)念碑前拍照的話(huà)，建議您到紀(jì)念碑的那一側(cè)去拍，在這邊是逆光，會(huì)影響照片的效果。給大家10分鐘時(shí)間，拍完照請(qǐng)到這里集合，我在這里等大家。

好了，下面我首先為大家介紹一下天安門(mén)城樓。天安門(mén)原為明清兩代皇城的正門(mén)，始建于明永樂(lè)十五年（1417），最初叫做承天門(mén)，取""承天啟運(yùn)，受命于天""之意。清順治八年（1651年）重修而改名天安門(mén)，含""受命于天""和""安邦治民""的意思。至今已有580多年的歷史了，是全國(guó)重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位。天安門(mén)城樓，建筑在巨大條石砌成的須彌座式城臺(tái)上，造型莊重渾厚，宏偉典雅，是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)建筑藝術(shù)的典型代表作之一。城樓通高34.7米。城臺(tái)上的大殿寬九楹（62.77米），進(jìn)深五楹（27.25米），象征封建帝王的""九五""至尊。大殿為重檐歇山式，朱墻黃琉璃瓦頂。南面設(shè)有菱花隔扇門(mén)、窗36扇，殿內(nèi)外立有直徑2米的巨柱60根，天花、斗拱、梁枋等處、均繪滿(mǎn)了最高等級(jí)的金龍和璽彩畫(huà)，金碧輝煌，極為雄偉壯觀。

北京導(dǎo)游詞

北京導(dǎo)游詞考試

Atadistanceof50kmnorthwestofBeijingstandsanarc-shapedclusterofhillsfrontedbyasmallplain.Hereiswhere13emperorsoftheMingdynasty(1368-1644)wereburied,andtheareaisknownastheMingTombs.

Constructionofthetombsstartedin1409andendedwiththefalloftheMingDynastyin1644.Inover200yearstombswerebuiltoveranareaof40squarekilometres,whichissurroundedbywallstotalling40kilometres.EachtombislocatedatthefootofaseparatehillandislinkedwiththeothertombsbyaroadcalledtheSacredWay.ThestonearchwayatthesouthernendoftheSacredWay,builtin1540,is14metreshighand19metreswide,andisdecoratedwithdesignsofclouds,wavesanddivineanimals.

BeijingservedasthenationalcapitalduringtheYuan,MingandQingdynasties.UnlikeMingandQingrulerswhoallbuiltmassivetombsforthemselves,Yuanrulersleftnosimilarburialgrounds.Whythedifference?

Thishastodowithpeople''''sdifferentviewsondeath.BeijingnomadscamefromtheMongoliansteppe.MongolswhoestablishedtheYuanDynastyheldthebeliefthattheyhadcomefrom:earth.theyadoptedasimplefuneralmethod:thedeadwasplacedinsideahollowednanmutree,whichwasthenburiedundergrassland.Growthofgrasssoonleftnotracesofthetombs.

北京導(dǎo)游詞

thetourwilltake4-6hours.therouteisasfollows:

outsidetheeastgate-sidetheeastgate–infrontofthehallofbenevolenceandlongevity-infrontofgardenofvirtuousharmony-infrontofthegrandtheaterbuilding-alakesidewalkfromthegardenofvirtuousharmonytothehallojaderipples-infrontoftheojaderipples-infrontoftheyiyunguan(chamberofmortalbeing)-hallofhappinessandlongevity-infrontoftheyaoyue(chamberofmortalbeings)-hallofhappinessandlongevity-infrontoftheyaoyue(invitingthemoon)gateofthelongcorridor-strollingalongthelongcorridor-visitinganexhibitionofculturalrelics-infrontofthehallofdispellingclouds-insidethehallofdispellingclouds-atopthetowerofbuddhistincense-onahilltopleadingfromthebackdoorofthetowerofbuddhistincense-onahilltopleadingfromthebackdoorofthetowerofbuddhistincense-insidethegardenofharmoniousinterest–outsidethesouthgatetosuzhoushoppingstreet-atopthestonebridgeinsidethesuzhoushoppingstreet–ontheroadfromthesouthgateofsuzhoushoppingstreet-ontheroadformthesouthgateofsuzhoushoppingstreettothemarbleboat-infrontoftheruinsofthegardenofcompletespring–alongthelakesidebythemarbleboat-boatingonthekunminglake-leavingoutthroughtheeastgate.

(outsidetheeastgate)

ladiesandgentlemen:welcometothesummerpalace.(aftertheself-introductionoftheguide-interpreter)ihopethiswillbeaninterestingandenjoyabledayforyou.

duringourtour,youwillbeintroducedtotimehonoredhistoricalandculturaltraditions,aswellaspicturesqueviewsandlandscapes.

北京導(dǎo)游詞

Tian’anmenRostrum

Tian’anmen(theGateofHeavenlyPeace),islocatedinthecenterofBeijing.Itwasfirstbuiltin1417andnamedChengtianmen(theGateofHeavenlySuccession).AttheendoftheMingDynasty,itwasseriouslydamagedbywar.WhenitwasrebuiltundertheQingin1651,itwasrenamedTian’anmen,andservedasthemainentrancetotheImperialCity,theadministrativeandresidentialquartersforcourtofficialsandretainers.ThesouthernsectionsoftheImperialCitywallstillstandonbothsidesoftheGate.Thetoweratthetopofthegateisnine-roomwideandfive–roomdeep.AccordingtotheBookofChanges,thetwonumbersnineandfive,whencombined,symbolizethesupremestatusofasovereign.

DuringtheMingandQingdynasties,Tian’anmenwastheplacewherestateceremoniestookplace.Themostimportantoneofthemwastheissuingofimperialedicts,whichfollowedthesesteps:

1)TheMinisterofRiteswouldreceivetheedictinTaihedian(HallofSupremeHarmony),wheretheEmperorwasholdinghiscourt.Theministerwouldthencarrythedecreeonayunpan(trayofcloud),andwithdrawfromthehallviaTaihemen(GateofsupremeHarmony)

2)TheMinisterwouldputthetrayinaminiaturelongting(dragonpavilion).BeneathayellowumbrellaandcarryitviaWumen(MeridianGate),toTian’anmenGatetower.

北京導(dǎo)游詞

hello,everyone,

wearenowgoingtopayavisittoaplaceofspecialinterest.thisscenicspotislocatedatthecenterofbeijingandischaracterizedbythousandsofpalatialarchitecturesandpurplewallsaswellasyellowglazedtileroofs-itissimplyaseaofpalaces.thisistheworld–famouswonder–thepalacemuseum.

thepalacemuseumhasservedastheroyalresidenceduringthemingandqingdynasties.itwasherethatatotalof24monarchsascendedthethroneandwieldedpowerforsome500years.thepalacemuseum,asthemostbeautifulspotofinterestthroughoutbeijing,isuniqueforitslocation:tothenorthwestisbeihai(northsea)park,famousforitswhitepagodaandripplinglake;tothewestisthezhongnahai(centralandsouthsea);totheeastliesthethewangfujingshoppingstreet;andtothenorthidjinshanpark.standinginthewanchun(everlastingspring)pavilionatthetopofjingshan(charcoalhill)park,youoverlooktheskylineofthepalacemuseum.atthesouthernendofthepalaceistian`anmen(gateofheavenlypeace)andthefamoussquarenamedafterit.thisisthesymbolofthepeople`srepublicofchina.

aworld-famoushistoricalsite,thepalacemuseumisontheworldheritagelistofunescoandisanembodimentoforientalcivilization.

thepalacemuseumisrectangularinshape,960meterslongfromnorthtosouthand750meterswidefromeasttowest,coveringaspaceof720,000squaremetersofwhich150,000isbuildingarea.ithas9000-strongroomsinit.accordingtolegendthereare9999.5room-unitsinall.thewholecompoundisenclosedbya10-meter-hignwallandisaccessedthroughfourentrances,namely,themeridiangateinthesouth,thegateofmilitaryprowessinthenorth,donghua(easternflowery)gateinthenorth,donghua(easternflowery)gateintheeastandxihua(westernflowery)gateinthewest.oneachcornerthereisaturretconsistedof9roofbeams,18pillarsand72ridge.encirclingthecompoundthereisa3,800-meter-longand52meter-widemoat,makingthepalacemuseumaself-defensivecity-within-acity.

北京導(dǎo)游詞

LadiesandGentlemen:

WelcometothetempleofHeaven.(Afterself-introduction)preservedculturalheritagesofChina.Therearebasicallytwokindsofvisitorswhocomehere:localpensionerswhodoexerciseshereinthemorningandeveningandsightseersbothfromhomeandabroad.Allinall,thereare12millionvisitorsveryyear.Nowwearegoingtogoalongtheroutethatleadstothealter.Itwilltakeroughlyonehour.Mindyou,theemperoralsowalkedalongthisroutetopaytributetotheGodofHeaven.

(AlongtheSouthernSacredRoadleadingtotheCircularMoundAltar)

ThelargestgroupofarchitecturesevertobededicatedtoHeaven,theTempleofHeavenservedasanexclusivealtarforChinesemonarchsduringtheMingandQingdynasties.ItwasdecreedthatrulersofsuccessivedynastieswouldplacealtarsintheirowncapitalstoworshipHeavenandprayforgoodharvest.Butwhy?

TheancientChinesebelievedthatHeavenwasthesupremeruleroftheuniverseandthefateofmankind,andthusworshipingritesdedicatedtoHeavencameintobeing.TheHeaventheancientChinesereferredtowasactuallytheUniverse,ornature.Inthosedays,therewerespecficritesofworship.ThiswasespeciallytrueduringtheMingandQingdynastieswhenelaborateceremonieswereheld.

《各具特色的民居》是小學(xué)語(yǔ)文第十二冊(cè)的課文，是繼《北京的春節(jié)》《藏戲》之后的又一篇展示多姿多彩的民居、民俗風(fēng)情的說(shuō)明性散文。文章分為兩部分《客家民居》和《傣家竹樓》，分別介紹了客家土樓和傣家竹樓的的民居特色和民風(fēng)民俗，傳承了中華民族傳統(tǒng)民居的文化內(nèi)涵?！读x務(wù)教育語(yǔ)文課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（2011版）強(qiáng)調(diào)：“應(yīng)該重視語(yǔ)文課程對(duì)學(xué)生思想情感所起的熏陶感染作用，注意課程內(nèi)容的價(jià)值取向，要繼承和發(fā)揚(yáng)中華優(yōu)秀文化傳統(tǒng)和革命傳統(tǒng)。”［1］客家文化是我國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化百花園中的一朵奇葩。祖祖輩輩生活在土樓里的客家人，用聰明智慧創(chuàng)造了獨(dú)具一格的客家土樓文化。隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，時(shí)代的變遷，人們對(duì)傳統(tǒng)文化越來(lái)越淡薄，很多學(xué)生對(duì)家鄉(xiāng)的傳統(tǒng)文化不甚了解。因此，充分利用土樓文化資源，開(kāi)展語(yǔ)文綜合性學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)，有著極其重要的意義。它可以培養(yǎng)學(xué)生搜集信息、處理信息、發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題、解決問(wèn)題的能力和收獲親身實(shí)踐的體驗(yàn)，激發(fā)學(xué)生尋根尊祖、愛(ài)國(guó)愛(ài)家的情懷，也為舉一反三學(xué)習(xí)其他特色民居的文章作鋪墊。

一、立足課文，在語(yǔ)文實(shí)踐中積累語(yǔ)文素養(yǎng)

《義務(wù)教育語(yǔ)文課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（2011版）指出：“綜合性學(xué)習(xí)主要體現(xiàn)語(yǔ)文知識(shí)的綜合運(yùn)用、聽(tīng)說(shuō)讀寫(xiě)能力的整體發(fā)展、語(yǔ)文課程與其他課程的溝通、書(shū)本學(xué)習(xí)與生活實(shí)踐的緊密結(jié)合?！薄犊图颐窬印方榻B的恰好是筆者家鄉(xiāng)的永定土樓，借助課文引導(dǎo)學(xué)生開(kāi)展以“各具特色的民居”為主題的語(yǔ)文綜合性學(xué)習(xí)，占據(jù)天時(shí)地利人和。

1．搜集土樓資料，了解土樓民居

中國(guó)民居是中華民族珍貴的文化歷史遺產(chǎn)，古老獨(dú)特，散發(fā)著無(wú)窮的魅力，體現(xiàn)了華夏民族的智慧和深厚的文化內(nèi)涵。學(xué)習(xí)《客家民居》，首先要認(rèn)識(shí)了解土樓。課前，學(xué)生廣泛閱讀，查閱資料，認(rèn)識(shí)各具特色的土樓民居。教學(xué)時(shí)，先請(qǐng)學(xué)生采用自己喜歡的方法，展示各具特色的土樓民居，讓大家欣賞：學(xué)生們有的張貼收集的圖片，有的播放錄像視頻，有的出示自己的簡(jiǎn)筆畫(huà)，有的結(jié)合自己的旅游談體會(huì)，有的寫(xiě)成調(diào)查小論文……課堂氣氛十分熱烈。在交流中，學(xué)生們對(duì)土樓民居有了初步的了解。課后，要求學(xué)生向家長(zhǎng)介紹自己最喜歡的一座土樓民居。

2．摘抄土樓楹聯(lián)，品讀傳統(tǒng)文化

摘要:目前對(duì)職業(yè)學(xué)校語(yǔ)文校本教材建設(shè)關(guān)注度不高，視為“雞肋”，如何編撰校本教材對(duì)于語(yǔ)文教學(xué)、專(zhuān)業(yè)教學(xué)有著重要意義，首先語(yǔ)文校本教材不單純是規(guī)定教材簡(jiǎn)單延續(xù)和補(bǔ)充。也不應(yīng)該另起爐灶，脫離職業(yè)教學(xué)的實(shí)際。如何做到人文性和工具性的統(tǒng)一并兼顧相關(guān)專(zhuān)業(yè)特點(diǎn)是筆者思考的問(wèn)題。旅游管理專(zhuān)業(yè)語(yǔ)文校本教材的應(yīng)定位基礎(chǔ)學(xué)科和專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)科的橋梁。

關(guān)鍵詞:校本教材;旅游;語(yǔ)言

旅游管理專(zhuān)業(yè)畢業(yè)的學(xué)生今后從事導(dǎo)游職業(yè)，一名合格的導(dǎo)游必須具備:熟練的景點(diǎn)講解技能，與人溝通、協(xié)調(diào)的能力。對(duì)于語(yǔ)言知識(shí)積累和口頭語(yǔ)言的表達(dá)有著比其他專(zhuān)業(yè)更高的要求。因此建設(shè)旅游專(zhuān)業(yè)語(yǔ)文校本教材有著重要的價(jià)值和意義。在校本教材建設(shè)思路上，我從地域文化視角出發(fā)，從基本的語(yǔ)言文字入手，把握文本的人文內(nèi)容，然后再回歸語(yǔ)言，讓學(xué)生在與語(yǔ)言、人文的不斷對(duì)話(huà)中，交流、感悟、體驗(yàn)、品味、積累、運(yùn)用，從而讓校本教材人文性在語(yǔ)文工具(與導(dǎo)游工作結(jié)合)價(jià)值的實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程中體現(xiàn)。

1注重地方方言俚語(yǔ)、口語(yǔ)的搜集

導(dǎo)游語(yǔ)言的運(yùn)用和日常單純的口語(yǔ)交流又有不同的地方。導(dǎo)游語(yǔ)言“正確、清楚、生動(dòng)、靈活”、是四大原則。一名旅游專(zhuān)業(yè)的學(xué)生，經(jīng)過(guò)認(rèn)真努力的專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)習(xí)，從語(yǔ)言表達(dá)來(lái)說(shuō)“正確”和“清楚”的目標(biāo)相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)比較容易做到。但是要想做到語(yǔ)言的生動(dòng)和靈活，則冰凍三尺，非一日之寒。特別是講解有地域特色比較濃厚的景點(diǎn)時(shí)，如果能夠穿插一些地方的俚語(yǔ)和俗語(yǔ)將起到事半功倍的效果。對(duì)于其實(shí)好的導(dǎo)游語(yǔ)言應(yīng)該雅俗共賞，因此校本教材可以有目的的收集一些地方俚語(yǔ)、俗語(yǔ)，并教會(huì)學(xué)生在講解過(guò)程中運(yùn)用。而現(xiàn)在學(xué)生成長(zhǎng)語(yǔ)境，對(duì)方言、俚語(yǔ)這一方面接觸較少，而傳統(tǒng)教材在對(duì)地域語(yǔ)言關(guān)注不足，校本教材正好可以彌補(bǔ)這一缺憾。這樣既更好的傳承了地方文化，也對(duì)導(dǎo)游語(yǔ)言有了鮮活的補(bǔ)充。

2編纂的文學(xué)作品更接地氣

“見(jiàn)習(xí)”這個(gè)詞對(duì)于我們來(lái)說(shuō)可以是陌生而又熟悉，熟悉是因?yàn)槲覀兠總€(gè)人多多少少都做過(guò)兼職，陌生的是見(jiàn)習(xí)與兼職的目的是不一樣的。

我很想到校外實(shí)習(xí)，可惜都找不到實(shí)習(xí)的單位，所以只能留在學(xué)校實(shí)訓(xùn)，雖然不像校外實(shí)習(xí)那樣接觸社會(huì)，學(xué)習(xí)那些校內(nèi)學(xué)不到的東西，但是在校內(nèi)的這三個(gè)星期我也學(xué)到了很多，禮儀、導(dǎo)游技巧、景點(diǎn)了解、模擬導(dǎo)游……

在校內(nèi)的第一周我們學(xué)習(xí)了禮儀，當(dāng)今社會(huì)的大學(xué)生有很多，但是大學(xué)生所懂得的禮儀知識(shí)卻越來(lái)越薄弱，禮儀首先就可以體現(xiàn)了我們的素質(zhì)，現(xiàn)在企業(yè)單位招聘人才的時(shí)候首先都會(huì)觀察我們的行為舉止。正因?yàn)檫@樣，我們更應(yīng)該學(xué)好禮儀。一周下來(lái)我終于體會(huì)到原來(lái)站、坐、走、蹲看起來(lái)很容易，但是真的做到端莊規(guī)范的卻很難，我們還學(xué)了怎樣介紹別人、怎樣接發(fā)名片……這樣的學(xué)習(xí)令我覺(jué)得以前我們所謂的禮儀根本不算什么，這短短的幾堂課讓我獲益良多。我們還學(xué)習(xí)了交誼舞，舞蹈也是交際禮儀的一種，短短的學(xué)習(xí)下來(lái)覺(jué)得根本不夠，從來(lái)沒(méi)有接觸交誼舞的我，學(xué)起來(lái)很笨拙，所以最后也只是掌握了一些基本舞步。除此之外，我們還聆聽(tīng)了幾個(gè)關(guān)于當(dāng)代大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)的主題講座，學(xué)校特地請(qǐng)了企業(yè)老總給我們演講，并指導(dǎo)我們往后就業(yè)或者創(chuàng)業(yè)，由此我又學(xué)習(xí)到大學(xué)生要大膽、創(chuàng)新，才能創(chuàng)出一片新天地。

而第二周就是讓我們以自主學(xué)習(xí)為主，因?yàn)槲覍W(xué)的是旅游專(zhuān)業(yè)，所以老師分配給我們的任務(wù)是到校外踩點(diǎn)，我們所需要去的地方都是今年導(dǎo)游證考試中出現(xiàn)的景點(diǎn)，、陳家祠、中山紀(jì)念堂、北京路步行街、番禺余蔭山房。我們先分好小組，然后以小組為單位去景點(diǎn)考察，我們主要是去了解景點(diǎn)概況和周邊情況、模擬景點(diǎn)講解等等。這次踩點(diǎn)是沒(méi)有老師陪同的，我們只是要聯(lián)系老師，向老師詢(xún)問(wèn)和報(bào)告情況。踩點(diǎn)全部都要靠我們自己完成，而團(tuán)隊(duì)就起到了非常重要的作用。每個(gè)組員都要互相關(guān)心、互相幫助，我們都知道作為一個(gè)導(dǎo)游我們都會(huì)遇到好多突發(fā)事件，這次我們校外踩點(diǎn)就是讓我們體會(huì)到那些突發(fā)事件，讓我們學(xué)會(huì)自己處理，從而學(xué)到從老師課堂學(xué)不到的知識(shí)。這次踩點(diǎn)我們首先通過(guò)小組討論，通過(guò)自己的方案，然后就按照方案進(jìn)行實(shí)踐。以前都是在學(xué)校聽(tīng)老師講課，覺(jué)得其實(shí)也沒(méi)有什么困難的，但是經(jīng)過(guò)到校外的體驗(yàn)，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)其實(shí)當(dāng)一名合格的導(dǎo)游是非常的困難的，你所遇到的事情可能是學(xué)校上課中不可能提到的。而且當(dāng)導(dǎo)游要有很好的體力、高度的集中力……導(dǎo)游要一般帶游客游覽景點(diǎn)一邊講解導(dǎo)游詞，而且要注意觀察游客的反應(yīng)，時(shí)刻注意著游客的舉動(dòng)，就因?yàn)閷?dǎo)游身上肩負(fù)著許多東西。

在校外踩點(diǎn)的時(shí)候我也得到了一個(gè)很大的鍛煉機(jī)會(huì)，當(dāng)我們?nèi)サ臅r(shí)候，有一位從來(lái)的阿姨一個(gè)人游，然后她也邀請(qǐng)我們和她一起游覽，因?yàn)檫@是她第一次來(lái)，所以我們每個(gè)人都充當(dāng)了一回免費(fèi)導(dǎo)游，我們也完全把阿姨當(dāng)成了我們的游客，用心的講解，也把廣州的特色景點(diǎn)介紹給阿姨。就這樣一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，我過(guò)了一回導(dǎo)游癮，也為以后考導(dǎo)游證積累了一些寶貴的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

快樂(lè)的時(shí)間過(guò)得特別的快，很快就到了第三周，我們要到商旅中心上課，這是我第一次踏進(jìn)這里，這里是模仿旅行社建的，我們?cè)谶@里學(xué)習(xí)了很多關(guān)于導(dǎo)游的注意事項(xiàng)，例如：旅游計(jì)劃、接送旅行團(tuán)、入住酒店……而且我們還模擬了這些場(chǎng)景，讓我們體會(huì)一下導(dǎo)游的工作程序。